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238 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Italy is what ranking in wine production in the world?
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second
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Italy has how many wine regions?
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20
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The DOC laws were created in what year
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1963
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The DOC laws were amended by ______?
In what year? |
Gloria's Law
1992 |
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What is the smallest region in Italy?
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Valle D'Aosta
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Valle D'Aosta boarders which two countries?
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France
Switzerland |
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Valle D'Aosta has one DOC, What is its name?
Which produces what % for the Region? |
Valle D'Aosta
85% |
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Valle D'Aosta is northwest boarders with what Region?
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Piedmonte
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Piedmonte is best known for what grape?
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Nebbiolo
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The Nebbiolo grape is also known as ________ in Piedmonte.
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Spanna
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What is the largest DOCG in Piedmonte?
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Asti
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What is the exclusive grape for Asti DOCG?
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Moscato bianco
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What are the measurements for Asti's sparkle?
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3.5-4 atmospheres
52-60 lbs psi |
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Hows is Asti produced?
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Single fermentation in a tank, similar to the cuve close method.
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How is Moscato D'Asti different from Asti?
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Max. 5.5 abv, produced in the same way, both same grape, but Moscato D'Asti has a lighter everescence (1 atmosphere, 15 lbs psi
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Barbaresco DOCG is made from which grape?
Is labeled by the _____? |
Nebbiolo
Village |
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Barbaresco DOCG is a minimum of _____ abv?
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12.5% abv
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What are the aging requirements for Barbaresco DOCG?
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2 years age, 1 in Oak or Chestnut wood. After 4 years it can be called a riserva.
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How long does it take for a Barbaresco to become softer on the palate in terms of tannins?
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According to BJ, 5 years. Though some of the wineries are producing wines which have had less fermentation time on the skins allowing the wines to mature earlier.
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Barolo DOCG must be at least _____ abv%
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12.5% abv
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According to BJ, Barolo DOCG wines are described as ________ on the palate?
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"a universally acclaimed strong, highly tannic, deep red wine.
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Barolo DOCG is made from what grape?
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Nebbiolo
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Barolo DOCG aging requirements are?
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Min of 2 years in wood plus 1 year in bottle (3 years). 4 years to be called a riserva.
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After how many years of aging can a Barolo be called a Riserva?
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4 years
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What is Barolo Chinato?
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a fortified aromatized Barolo which is given the bitter flavor of qinine by steeping the bark of the chinchona tree in the wine and flavoring with herbs and cardamom seed.
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What is the abv % for Barolo Chinato?
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16.5% abv
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What is the Grape of Barbera?
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Barbera
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What is the Avg. abv% for Barbera?
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12-12.5% abv
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Barbera is sold under what class catergorie?
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DOC
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What are the DOC districts attached to Barbera?
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Barbera d'Asti, Barbera d'Alba and Barbera del Monferrato
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How does BJ describe the Barbera on the palate?
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"It is usually dry with high acid and low tannins, but can be slightly sweet."
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How are most of the best up and coming Barbera's being produced?
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By lowering the yields per hectare
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What makes a Barbera a Superiore?
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When the Barbera has spent 3 years in wood and has 13% alc or higher
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How does BJ describe wines from Brachetto/Brachetto d'Acqui DOCG?
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"a light, but alcoholic, sweet (Frizzante) sparkling red wine made from the Brachetto grape. It has a strong strawberry and Muscat flavor"
"Still dry DOC wines from the Brachetto grape" |
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What is the grape for Brachetto/Brachetto d'Acqui DOCG?
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Brachetto
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Describe Dolcetto di Dogliani Superiore DOCG.
Age, Grape, Style according to BJ. |
Age: one year, drink young.
Grape: Dolcetto Style: "easy drinking light red wine" |
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Describe Gavi/Cortese di Gavi DOCG wines according to BJ.
Style |
they can be still, frizzante or sparkling dry white wines. "At their best are crisp with considerable depth of flavor."
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What is the grape of Gavi/Cortese di Gavi DOCG?
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Cortese grape.
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When can a wine be labeled Gavi di Gavi?
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If they are from the commune of Gavi.
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What is the abv% of Gattinara DOCG?
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12% abv
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Gattinara DOCG is labeled how?
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After the town of Gattinara and after the grape Nebbiolo.
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What is the proper blending structure allowed for Gattinara DOCG?
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90% Nebbiolo with up to 10% Uva Rara (Bonarda).
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How does BJ describe Gattinara DOCG?
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"It is a high-quality dry red wine, lighter in color and less strong than Barolo."
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Aging requirements for Gattinara are?
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3 years of age before sale, 2 of which must be in wood.
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What makes a Gattinara a Riserva?
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If the Gattinara spends 3 years in wood vs. the typical 2.
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What is the proper blending structure for Ghemme DOCG?
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75% Nebbiolo, the other 25% may be made up from Bonarda and Vespolina grapes.
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What is the aging requirements for Ghemme DOCG?
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3 years in wood plus 1 year in the bottle.
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Roero DOCG produces what style of wines?
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Red, white and sparkling.
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In Roero DOCG, the whites and sparklings are made from what?
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Arneis
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In Roero DOCG, the reds are made from what?
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Nebbiolo
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In Piedmont, how many DOCG's are listed in BJ's book?
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9
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Name the largest DOCG in Piedmonte
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Asti
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Name the major wine producing area of Piedmonte that is not considered a DOCG?
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Barbera
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What is another name for Dolcetto di Dogliani Superiore DOCG?
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Dogliano DOCG
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Name the 10 DOCG's of Piedmonte in BJ's book.
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1. Asti
2.Barbaresco 3.Barolo 4.Brachetto d'Acqui 5.Dolcetto di Dogliani Superiore 6.Gavi/Cortese di Gavi 7.Gattinara 8.Ghemme 9.Roero |
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In Lombardia, Franciacorta DOCG may only be applied to what wines?
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White or Rose "metodo tradizionale" wines.
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For Franciacorta, what is permitted to be on the label?
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Franciacorta, only the name, they are not permitted to put metodo tradizionale or any other descriptors on the label due to regulations.
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What is Franciacorta produced from?
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Chardonnay, Pinot Bianco, Pinot Nero.
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In Roero DOCG, the whites and sparklings are made from what?
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Arneis
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In Roero DOCG, the reds are made from what?
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Nebbiolo
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In Piedmont, how many DOCG's are listed in BJ's book?
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9
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Name the largest DOCG in Piedmonte
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Asti
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Name the major wine producing area of Piedmonte that is not considered a DOCG?
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Barbera
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What is another name for Dolcetto di Dogliani Superiore DOCG?
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Dogliano DOCG
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Name the 10 DOCG's of Piedmonte in BJ's book.
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1. Asti
2.Barbaresco 3.Barolo 4.Brachetto d'Acqui 5.Dolcetto di Dogliani Superiore 6.Gavi/Cortese di Gavi 7.Gattinara 8.Ghemme 9.Roero |
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In Lombardia, Franciacorta DOCG may only be applied to what wines?
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White or Rose "metodo tradizionale" wines.
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For Franciacorta, what is permitted to be on the label?
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Franciacorta, only the name, they are not permitted to put metodo tradizionale or any other descriptors on the label due to regulations.
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What is Franciacorta produced from?
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Chardonnay, Pinot Bianco, Pinot Nero.
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In Franciacorta, a wine made from Chardonnay may be called what?
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Blanc de Blancs
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What is the minimum age for a Non-vintage Franciacorta is what?
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25 months from the vintage
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Of the 25 months minimum age for a franciacorta NV, how many must be in bottle of the 25?
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18 months are in bottle following the second fermentation.
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Franciacorta Vintage must be aged for how long?
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37 months, 30 of which are in bottle following the second fermentation.
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Terre di Franciacorta DOC is used what style of wines?
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white and red still wines.
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What is the best-known red wine in Terre di Franciacorta DOC?
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Valtellina DOC
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What is the important river near Valtellina DOC and what country does it border?
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The River Adda close to the Swiss Border
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What is Valtellina DOC made from?
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Nebbiolo
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The best wines are from what area of Valtellina?
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Valtellina Superiore DOCG
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Name the subregions of Valtellina Superiore DOCG?
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Inferno, Grumello, Sassella and Valgella
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The wines from the subregions of Valtellina Superiore DOCG are made from?
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Minimum 90% Nebbiolo
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How is Sforzato/Sfursat di Valtellina DOCG made?
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made from semi-dried grapes which produce a deep-colored concentrated wine
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What is the abv% for Sforzato/Sfursat di Valtellina DOCG?
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14.5% abv
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What wine is similar in style to Sforzato/Sfursat di Valtellina DOCG?
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Amarone
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Has Amarone applied for DOCG status?
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yes
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Where is Oltrepo Pavese DOCG situated?
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to the extreme southwest of Lombardia
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What grape produces Oltrepo Pavese DOCG?
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Pinot Nero
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For Trentino-Alto Adige, the general DOC is what?
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Alto Adige
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What style of grape varietals are grown in Trentino-Alto Adige?
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French varietals
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What style of wines are produced in Trentino-Alto Adige according to BJ?
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Light wines
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What is the most important red grape of Trentino-Alto Adige?
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Schiava
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What does the grape Schiava produce?
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Light red wines, "Santa Maddalena is the most famous wine from that area"
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What % of the varietal must be in the wine if it has the varietal labeled?
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95% of the varietal
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What wines does Trentino produce?
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wines of 8 different varietals, mostly french origin.
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What is the status of Trentino?
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DOC
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In what general area does Veneto exist in Italy?
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the Northeast
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Who is Italy's largest producer?
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Veneto
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Veneto is best known for what wines?
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Valpolicella and Soave
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The best wines in Veneto come from which vineyards?
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The hillside vineyards rather than the ones on the plains
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What is Valpolicella known for?
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Amarone
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What 2 major grapes have been cultivated in Veneto for more than 100 years, but are just now starting to make their mark?
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Merlot and Cabernet
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Bardolino DOC has a _____% ABV
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10.5% abv
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Described by BJ, Bardolino DOC is what style?
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"a light, red fruity wine made from a blend of four grapes"
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What are the four grapes of Bardolino?
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Corvina
Rondinella Molinara Negrara |
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What is the abv% for both Bardolino Superiore DOCG and Bardolino Classico Superiore DOCG?
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Min 11% abv
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Described by BJ, Bardolino Superiore DOCG and Bardolino Classico Superiore DOCG are what style?
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Light red or Rose dry wines
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Bardolino Superiore DOCG and Bardolino Classico Superiore DOCG are produced from what grapes?
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Molinara
Negrara Rondinella |
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Bardolino DOC may be what style?
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Dry red or rose, still or sparkling
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Gambellara DOC are mainly what?
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Dry white wines from a min of 80% Garganega plus trebbiano grapes.
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What are some other wines produced in Gambellara DOC?
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there are some semi-sweet and some vin santo (very sweet) wines being produced as well as some sparkling
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How many DOCG's are their in the Veneto?
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4
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How many DOC's are their in the Veneto?
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9
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The abv% for Pinot Grigio DOC is what?
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10.5% abv
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What is the grape in Pinot Grigio DOC and what is the min% that must be in the blend?
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Pinot Grigio, 85% minimum.
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Is Pinot Grigio DOC a dry or sweet wine?
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Varies, both
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The abv% for Prosecco DOC is what?
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Minimum 11%abv
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What styles may Prosecco DOC be?
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A dry white wine, still, frizzante or spumante.
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What is the method for producing Prosecco DOC?
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Charmat Method
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What is the grape used to make Prosecco DOC?
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Prosecco
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What is the min abv% for Soave DOC?
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10.5%abv
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What are the grapes used in the blend for Soave DOC?
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Garganega
chardonnay Trebbiano di Soave grapes |
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Is Soave DOC dry or sweet?
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dry
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What is some side information that BJ finds important about Soave DOC?
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Is probably the best-known and most plentiful Italian white wine but is spoilt by over-production.
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What makes a Soave Superiore DOCG?
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It must have 6 months age and a minimum 11.5% abv, produced in a inner delimited area
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How are Soave Superiore DOCG's supposed to be drunk? (when)
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Young
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What is the abv% for Recioto di Soave DOCG?
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14% abv
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What is the color and style described by BJ for Recioto di Soave DOCG?
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is an amber/gold, sweet dessert wine.
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Recioto di Soave DOCG is made from what grapes? Same grapes as what other DOC?
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Garganega
Chardonnay Trebbiano di Soave Same as Soave DOC |
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What is done to the grapes in Recioto di Soave DOCG?
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Semi-dried (passito) grapes
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What can sometimes happen to the grapes in good years in Recioto di Soave DOCG?
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Boytrytis
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What two area's use "passito" style grapes in their wine?
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Recioto di Soave DOCG
Torcolato Breganze DOC |
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What are the grapes used in making Torcolato Breganze DOC?
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85% Bespaiolo, 10% Tocai and 5% Garganega
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How is the Torcolato Breganze DOC aged?
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In small oak barrels
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Passito means?
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semi-dried
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What is the min. %abv for Valpolicella DOC?
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11% abv min
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What are the grapes used in producing Valpolicella DOC?
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Corvina
Rondinella Molinara |
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What is the best grape for Valpolicella DOC? What is the second best?
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1. Corvina
2. Rondinella |
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Which grape is no longer compulsory in the Valpolicella blend?
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Molinara
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What wine is Valpolicella similar to?
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Bardolino DOC, just a little more body in the Valpolicella
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BJ side notes for Valpolicella
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It is by far the most plentiful of Italian red wines and is one of the best known.
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What age is Valpolicella best drunk?
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Basic's are best drunk young.
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What makes a Valpolicella DOC a superiore?
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After it has been aged 1 year and reaches 12% abv
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Where is Valpolicella Classico?
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in the Alpine foothills, its is far superior to the rest of the Valpolicella area.
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Amarone della Valpolicella DOC is a min of what abv%?
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14% abv
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What is done to the grapes in Amarone della Valpolicella DOC?
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Grapes that have been dried for 3 months (vino passito)
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What produces Amarone della Valpolicella DOC?
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Corvina is again the best grape with Rondinella making up the blend.
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Describe Amarone della Valpolicella DOC as BJ does in his book.
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Since the must if fully fermented out, the wine is a concentrated, high-alcoholic dry wine, which isometimes has a burnt character to it.
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Recoioto della Valpolicela DOC are different from Amarone della Valpolicella DOC. How?
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Recioto della Valpolicela DOC are made from sweeter grapes, dried the same as Amarone but for a shorter period to produce a semi-sweet wine.
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What is Ripasso?
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"Repassing", the process of adding standard Valpolicella to the lees left from a Recioto fermentation and allowing a second fermentation to take place.
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The second fermentation of a Ripasso does what to a wine?
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adds strength of flavor and increases the alcohol content.
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Where is Fruili-Venezia Giulia located?
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In the extreme north east of Italy, between Veneto and the Slovenia border.
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Name the 2 outstanding DOC zones of Fruili-Venezia Giulia
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Colli Orientali del Friuli
Collio Goriziano or Collio |
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Name the 2 notable sweet wines from the Fruili-Venezia Giulia region
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Colli Orientali del Fruili Picoliot DOCG
Ramandolo DOCG |
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What style of wine is Colli Orientali del Fruili Picoliot DOCG? Where is it from? & What grape is it made from?
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Sweet
Fruili-Venezia Giulia Picolit grape |
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What style is Ramandolo DOCG? Where is it from? and what grape is it made from?
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"Passito" style sweet
Fruili-Venezia Giulia Verduzzo Friulano Grapes |
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What is Emilia Romagna known for, Quality or Quantity?
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Quantity
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What is the ABV% of Lambrusco DOC?
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Min 11%abv
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What style of wine is Lambrusco DOC?
|
Sparkling, most are red or rose
can be both sweet and dry |
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Where is Lambrusco DOC popular in the world?
|
UK off-sales market, mostly for partygoers
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What was the first white wine to be awarded DOCG status in 1987?
|
Albana di Romagna DOCG
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Albana di Romagna DOCG is made from what grape?
|
Albana grapes
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Most Albana grapes produce dry or medium dry wines. But when the Albana grape produces a sweet wine, what happened to the grapes?
|
Passito Botrytized
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What is the wine is considered to be the best sweet wines of Emilia Romagna DOCG?
|
Albana di Romagna DOCG grapes that have been affected by botryus and have been passito.
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Side note about Emilia Romagna DOCG
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There is also a DOC sweet sparkling wine made in this area
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How many DOCs does Tuscany have?
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34 at the time of this book being released
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How many DOCG's does Tuscany produce?
|
6
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What is the new style of wine from Tuscany made from french varietals?
|
Super Tuscans
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Super Tuscans are blends of what?
|
depends, many are Cabernet and Merlot. But some take both Cab and Merlot and blend with Sangiovese and other italian varietals
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What kind of Oak is used for Super tuscans?
|
Some new oak and barriques
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What other area's are following the Super Tuscans in the use of oak to improve quality?
|
better area's of Chianti
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What super tuscan's are named in BJ's book?
|
Sassicaia
Tignanello Guado al Tasso |
|
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What is the minimum abv % for Chianti DOCG?
|
12.5% abv
|
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What is by far the best known of all italian red wines according to BJ?
|
Chianti
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Name the 7 subregion's of Chianti DOCG
|
Chianti Colli Aretini
Chianti Colli Fiorentini Chianti Colli Senesi Chianti Colline Pisane Chianti Montalbano Chianti Montespertoli Chianti Rufina |
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How many Subregions of Chianti DOCG are there?
|
7
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What is the usual blend for Chianti's?
|
Min 75% Sangiovese
Max 10%Canaiolo Nero Max 10% Cabernet Sauvignon Up to 10% Trebbiano Toscano & Malvasia del Chianti (both white) but are rarely used. |
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What are the 2 White varietals permitted to be used in the blend for Chianti's?
|
Trebbiano Toscano
Malvasia del Chianti |
|
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When is Chianti allowed to be released?
|
Chianti is not allowed to be released until March 1 of the year following the harvest
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Are the white varietals of Chianti gaining or losing popularity to be used in the blend?
|
losing popularity
|
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What are the requirements for a chianti to be called a riserva?
|
If the wine is aged for a minimum of 26 months from january 1 following the harvest, and it has a minimum of 12% alc, it may be called a riserva
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What is the abv % for Chianti Classico DOCG?
|
12.5% abv
|
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Where must Chianti Classico DOCG be from to have this on the label?
|
Must be produced in the delimited area of this name, in the middle of the Chianti DOCG region
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What is allowed in the blend of Chianti Classico DOCG?
|
Min of 75% Sangiovese
Up to 15% non-local Varieties (usually Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, or Syrah.) Max 10% Canaiolo Nero |
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What are the two white varietals permitted to be blended in Chianti Classico DOCG?
|
There are no white varietals permitted anymore. They used to be Trebbiano and Malvasia
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What does the new law of Chianti Classico DOCG permit?
|
Up to 100% Sangiovese
|
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What 3 Chianti Subzones are not allowed to be released before June 1st following harvest?
|
Chianti Classico DOCG
Chianti Colli Fiorentini DOCG Chianti Rufina DOCG |
|
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What makes Chianti Classico DOCG, Chianti Colli Fiorentini DOCG and Chianti Rufina DOCG riservas?
|
If they are aged for a min of 26 months from January 1 following the harvest, and they have a min of 12.5% alc, then they may be called a riserva
|
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What is the Governo processes full name?
|
governo all'uso del chianti
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Where does the "Governo" process exist?
|
Chianti
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What is the "Governo" process?
|
is a refermentation of racked wine with 5-10% of must from grapes which have been dried out on acannicci or castelli (special wicker frames).
|
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What is the purpose of the "Governo" process?
|
to start the malolactic fermentation and to increase the glycerol content, which makes the wine rounder and more refreshing with a slight prickle on the palate.
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When does the "Governo" process take place?
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before the end of the year of the harvest.
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What is it called when the "Governo" process is repeated? and when does this take place?
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Rigoverno
March or April |
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What is the abv% for Brunello di Montalcino DOCG?
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12.5% abv
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What are the grapes used for Brunello di Montalcino DOCG?
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Brunello grapes
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The Brunello grapes are a clone of what grape?
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Sangiovese
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BJ describes Brunello di Montalcino DOCG as what style of wine?
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"It is a strong, dark red wine with plenty of tannin"
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What are the aging requirements for Brunello di Montalcino DOCG?
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aged 5 years (2 in wood) before release
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For a Brunello di Montalcino DOCG to be a riserva, what must happen?
|
Must be aged 6 years before release.
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What is the abv% for Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG?
|
Min 11.5% abv
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What are the allowed in the blend for a wine from Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG?
|
Prugnolo Gentile (sangiovese clone)
Cannaiolo Mammolo Trebbiano Malvasia |
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What two varietals are now optional in the blend for Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG?
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Trebbiano and Malvasia
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What do regulations state are the Max% of Sangiovese clone (Prugnolo Gentile) that maybe allowed in the blend for Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG?
|
80% though some producers are using 100%
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What two wines do Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG compare to?
|
Chianti and Brunello
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What was the first wine to be given DOCG status?
|
Vino Nobile di Montepulciano
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What was the first wine to apply for DOCG status?
|
Vino Nobile di Montepulciano
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What are the aging requirements for Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG
|
2 years in wood
|
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What are the requirements for a Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG?
|
3 years in wood or more
|
|
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Name the 6 DOCG's of Tuscany listed in BJ's book
|
Chianti DOCG
Chianti Classico DOCG Chianti Colli Fiorentini DOCG Chianti Rufina DOCG Brunello di Montalcino DOCG Vino Nobile di Montepulciano DOCG |
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When was Bolgheri DOC introduced?
|
1994
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What was the main reason that Bolgheri DOC was introduced?
|
to bring in Sassicaia
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What was the first single estate to be granted its own subappellation DOC?
|
Sassicaia, Bolgheri was the DOC
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What is Sassicaia primarily a blend of?
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Mostly Cabernet Sauvignon with a little Cab Franc
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Since the grapes used for Sassicaia were not permitted before 1994's Bolgheri DOC, what was Sassicaia forced to be labeled as to be sold?
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Nino da Tavola
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Why was Sant Antimo DOC introduced?
|
In an attempt to bring other so-called Super Tuscan wines in the Montalcino district into the appellation system.
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When was Sant Antimo DOC introduced?
|
In 1995 for the 1996 vintage
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What style of wines are being produced in Sant Antimo DOC? (grapes)
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Non-DOC grape varietals
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Carmignano DOCG is made from?
|
Sangiovese
Canaiolo nero Cabernet Sauvignon and other generic varietals |
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Vernaccia di San Gimignano DOCG are what kind of wines made from what grapes?
|
White wines
Vernaccia grapes and Chardonnay grapes |
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Morellino di Scansano DOCG became a DOCG when?
|
2006
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What style of wine is Morellino di Scansano DOCG?
|
Brunello-style made from 100% Sangiovese grapes
|
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What is the abv % of Vin Santo?
|
14-17% abv
|
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Vin Santo is what style of wine?
|
Passito sweet wine
There are a number of DOC's in Tuscany that produce these kinds of wines |
|
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Semi-sweet wine in Italian is what?
|
Abboccato
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Orvieto DOC is traditionally what?
|
a sweet or semi-sweet (abboccato) white wine sold in a squat wicker-covered flask.
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In Orvieto DOC, the wines were traditionally sold in a squat wicker-covered flask called a_______
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Pulcianella
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Orvieto today is sold in what kind of bottle?
|
Bordeaux
|
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What style of wine is Orvieto DOC today?
|
Trends have pushed towards a drier and crisper style of white wine
|
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What is the blend for Orvieto DOC?
|
Min 50% Trebbiano Grapes
Malvasia Verdelho Grechetto Druppegio |
|
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Torgiano DOC's abv% for red is? and for white?
|
Red = 12%abv
White = 11.5%abv |
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Torgiano DOC produces more red or more white?
|
red
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What are the Torgiano DOC red's blends similar to?
|
Chianti grapes
|
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When Torgiano is aged 3 years, the red may be sold as what?
|
Torgiano Rosso Riserva DOCG
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The white wines of Torgiano are similar to what other white wines?
|
Orvieto DOC
|
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Sagrantino di Montefalco DOCG is made from what grapes?
|
Sagrantino grapes
|
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When Sagrantino di Montefalco DOCG is sweet, what has happened to the grapes? what is the abv% of the sweet wine?
|
Passito
14.5% |
|
|
The sweet wines of Sagrantino di Montefalco DOCG must be aged for how long?
|
2.5 years
|
|
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What is the best known white wine from Lazio?
|
Frascati DOC
|
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What is the abv % for Frascati DOC?
|
11.5% abv
|
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What are the grapes used to produce Frascati DOC?
|
Trebbiano
and a small amount of Malvasia |
