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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is voice?
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Voice refers to the way in which the speaker chooses to relate the grammatical subject of a verb to the action of that verb.
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What is the significance of the passive voice?
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The subject is receiving the action of the verb.
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What is the significance of the middle voice?
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The subject acts in its own interest or in such a way as to participate in the results of the action of the verb. Just how the action is related to the subject is not indicated by the middle voice itself but by the context of the verbal idea.
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What are the primary middle/passive suffixes?
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μαι, (ῃ)σαι, ται μεθα, σθε, νται
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The present middle/passive paradigm of λύω.
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λύομαι, λύῃ, λύεται, λυόμεθα, λύεσθε, λύονται
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What determines if the form is middle or passive?
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Context
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What is the passive of 'I loose'?
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I am being loosed. This imperfective form of the present is preferable as 'I am loosed' can be a translation of the perfect passive.
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Suggested translations for λύομαι. (middle)
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I am loosing myself. I am loosing for myself. I myself am loosing.
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What are the three uses of the middle voice?
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1. Reflexive: 'Judas hanged himself' (here no reflexive pronoun is used). 2. Intensive: It is emphasised that the agent produces the action rather than particpating in the results. 'he himself secured eternal redemption'
3. Reciprocal: A plural subject engaged in an interchange of action. 'the Jews were agreeing with one another' |
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What is a deponent verb?
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A verb that has a middle or passive form without any corresponding active form. Most verbs that are deponent in the present tense are deponent in one or more of their other tenses also.
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What are the three agents in the passive? (The person or thing producing the action) And, what are the prepositions used with each.
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1. Direct agent - ὑπό w/ the gen. 2. Intermediate agent - διά w/ the gen. 3. Impersonal agent - ἐν w/ the dat., or the dative case alone.
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What is the divine passive?
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When the agent is unamed because it is God. As in Matthew on Jesus' lips. "... they will be comforted" (by God).
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