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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What was the official language of the Greek empire after the conquest of Alexander the Great? |
Attic Greek. This new world language has been called Koine(common) Greek. |
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What is a phoneme? |
Greek sounds represented by the letters of the alphabet. They are the smallest elements that contrast with each other in the phonological system of a language. |
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What is a morpheme? |
Minimal units of meaning: Phoneme generally combine to form what linguists call morphemes. Morphemes are the minimal units of speech that convey a specific meaning. |
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What are the 7 Greek vowels? |
α, ε, η, ι, ο, υ, ω |
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What is a diphthong?
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When two vowels combined in one syllable.
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What are Greek's 7 common diphthongs?
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αι, ει, οι, υι, αυ, ευ, ου
Diphthongs either end in ι or υ. |
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What is an iota subscript? |
In some instances the long vowels α, η, ω are combined with ι. In this case the ι is written beneath the vowel and is silent. (ᾳ, ῃ, ῳ) |
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Greek consonants are produced with the flow of air from the lungs. They are classified in three ways. What are they? |
1. How one interferes with the flow. (stops or continuants - β as compared to φ) 2. Where one interferes with the flow. (lips/bιlabials - π, μ; dentals - δ, τ; velars/palatals - γ,κ) 3. Whether the vocal cords vibrate in producing the sound. (voiced or unvoiced - compare β to π) |
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What are Greeks two breathing marks? |
If a word begins with a vowel or a diphthong it has a symbol over it indicating a rough (ἑ) or smooth (ἐ) breathing. The rough breathing is pronounced with an 'h' sound before the vowel. |
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What are the four Greek punctuation marks?
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The comma ( , ), the period ( . ), the colon ( · ), and the question mark ( ; ). |
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What are the Greek diacritical marks?
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Apostrophe ( ʼ ) indicates the elision of a final short vowel or diphthong (διʼ αὐτοῦ for διὰ αὐτοῦ. The diaeresis (Ἠσαΐας ) occurs to indicate that what is normally a diphthong is not treated so in this case. The coronis ( ' ) indicates the merging of two words into one with the loss of intermediate letters (κἀγώ for καὶ ἐγώ) which is called a crasis. |
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What are the three Greek accent marks? |
Acute ( έ ), grave ( ὲ ), and circumflex (οῦ). The Greek accents were invented about 200 BC as an aid to the correct pronunciation of Greek by foreigners. Accents were not regularly employed in texts until after the 1st Century AD. |
