Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
6 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
How may a patient present clinically with acute leukemia?
|
-thrombocytopenia (spontaneous bruises and purpura, bleeding gums, mennhoagia)
-anemia (pallor, dyspnea, fatigue) -neutropenia (fever, malaise) -hepatosplenomegaly -bone pain -Lymphadenopathy -Mediastinal mass -CNS involvement |
|
|
Describe the etiology of acute leukemia:
|
Acute leukemia begins with a mutations accumulating in a hematopoietic stem cell:
-usually idiopathic (most common) -radiation exposure (rare) -chemical exposure (rare) -genetic predisposition (very rare) |
|
|
Outline the mechanism of disease for acute leukemia:
|
-mutation in hematopoietic stem cell
-mutations lead to maturation arrest, immortality, and uncontrolled proliferation -suppression of hematopoiesis leads to cytopenias or pancytopenia |
|
|
An 8-year-old girl has severe thrombocytopenia and neutropenia. She is diagnosed with acute leukemia.
What was probably the first step in the pathogenesis in this condition? |
An acquired mutation in a hematopoietic precursor cell.
|
|
|
When a patient presents clinically with what you think may be leukemia, what is the percentage of blasts present in their bone marrow to diagnose acute leukemia?
|
>20% blasts
|
|
|
Name two hematological disorders which can transform into AML:
|
Chronic myeloproliferative disorders
Myelodysplastic syndromes |
