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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Central venous hemoglobin less than ____
& Capillary venous hemoglobin less than ____ show anemia in the neonate (0-28 days of life) |
Central venous hemoglobin less than 13 g/dL
Capillary venous hemoglobin less than 14.5 g/dL |
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in the newborn, there are 3 processes of anemia...what are they and which is most common?
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Loss of red blood cells-hemorrhagic anemia
Most common cause Increased destruction of red blood cells-hemolytic anemia Underproduction of red blood cells-hypoplastic anemia |
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prolapsed umbilical cord at birth can cause what anemia?
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hemorrhagic
(cord comes down before the baby) |
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preeclampsia/ecpampsia can be risks for what
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Hemorrhagic anemia
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C-section, or use of obstetric tools during birth can lead to what anemia?
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Hemorrhagic anemia
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this is a benign bleeding with swelling of the scalp in a newborn. It is most
often brought on by pressure from the uterus or vaginal wall during a head-first (vertex) delivery |
Caput Succedaneum
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blood between the skull and periosteum, can lead to hemorrhagic anemia in babies...associated with vacuum extraction
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Cephalohematoma
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what is a key way to distinguish between Cephalohematoma and Caput Succedaneum?
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Caput Succedaneum- crosses the suture lines
Cephalohematoma doesn't |
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Pallor without jaundice and unrelieved by O2
Tachypnea and gasping respirations Decreased peripheral perfusion due to hypovolemic shock Poor capillary refill Normocytic/ normochromic RBCs seen in? |
Hemorrhagic anemia
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what is TORCH (yes your favorite) and what can it cause?
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congenital causes of hemolytic anemia
Toxoplasmosis, Others {syphilis, Hepatitis B, coxsackie virus, Epstein-Barr virus, Varicella-zoster, human parvovirus}, Rubella virus, Cytomegalovirus, Herpes simplex virus |
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Jaundice
Compensatory reticulocytosis Pallor after 48 hours Tachypnea –rapid breathing due to decreased oxygen content in the RBC Hepatosplenomegaly in severe Rh Isoimmune disease or homozygous alpha thalassemia can be the clinical presentation of what? |
Hemolytic anemia
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Presents after 48 hours of age
No jaundice Retiulocytopenia clinical signs of what? |
Hypoplastic anemia
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Describe ABO incompatibility
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Most common with blood type A or B infants born to type O mothers.
Hemolysis begins in utero Placental transport of maternal isoantibody chews up baby's RBC |
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Jaundice with onset within the first 24 hours of life, anemia, reticulocytosis, elevated unconjugated bilirubin...can all be seen in what problem?
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ABO incompatibility
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describe Rh incompatibility
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During pregnancy, red blood cells from the fetus can get into the mother's bloodstream as she nourishes her child through the placenta. If the mother is Rh-negative, her system cannot tolerate the presence of Rh-positive red blood cells from the fetus.
In such cases, the mother's immune system treats the Rh-positive fetal cells as if they were a foreign substance and makes antibodies against the fetal blood cells. These anti-Rh antibodies may cross the placenta into the fetus, where they destroy the fetus's circulating red blood cells. usually only affects second child who is Rh + ALTERNATE NAMES: Rh-induced hemolytic disease of the newborn Hydrops fetalis |
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a complication of a severe form of Rh incompatibility in which massive fetal red blood cell destruction (a result of the Rh incompatibility) causes a severe anemia resulting in fetal heart failure , total body swelling, respiratory distress (if the infant has been delivered), and circulatory collapse...
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Hydrops fetalis
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what is kernicterus?
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neurological syndrome caused by deposition of bilirubin into the brain (CNS) tissues.
Kernicterus develops in extremely jaundiced infants, especially those with severe Rh incompatibility. It occurs several days after delivery and is characterized initially by loss of the Moro (startle) reflex, poor feeding and decreased activity. |
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unusual posturing, a bulging fontanel, and seizures may develop later in life with what problem?
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kernicterus
due to too much bilirubin in brain tissue |
