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30 Cards in this Set

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Wright-Giemsa stain
typical stain for peripheral blood smears; eosin stains cellular elements (hemoglobin, basic proteins, eosinophil granules) orange-red; methylene blue stains acidic elements (DNA, RNA, basophil granules, lymphocyt cytoplasm)
Types of white blood cells in peripheral blood
lymphocytes (T-cells, B-cells, NK cells); granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils); monocytes
White blood cell differential vs. absolute count
differentials = % split of each WBC type; absolute count = total number WBC per L
How to calculate absolute count
absolute WBC * differential = absolute of subtype
Absolute counts in normal adult
5k-10k/uL
Shape of red blood cell, significance
biconcave disc; flexible, high surface area
Define reticulocyte
immature RBC; still has RNA, ribosomes, organelles; released form marrow at 3-4days, circulate for 1-2 days and become RBCs
Range of RBC count, male and female
4.6-6.20 and 4.2-5.4 x 10^12 / L; doesn't fluctuate THAT much. Goes down after birth, then back up before 2yrs
How to recognize Platelet in peripheral blood smear
it's adorable.
Range for platelet count in normal adult
150-400 x 10^9 /L
Reticulocyte count
Supravital staining (new methylene blue, brilliant cresyl blue) condenses RNA and organelles; examine 1000 RBCs and determine percentage of reticulocytes
Anemia
two few RBCs
erythrocytosis
too many RBCs
polychythemia
too many RBCs (overexpansion)
platelet granules, alpha
fibrinogen, PDGF, etc
platelet granules, delta
Ca2+, pyrophosphate, ADP, ATP
thrombocytopenia
too few platelets
thrombocytosis
too many platelets
thrombocythemia
too many platelets (essential thrombocythemia)
neutrophil granule types
primary/azurophilic; secondary/specific
neutropenia
too few neutrophils
neutrophilia
too many neutrophils
Bands
immature neutrophils
eosionphilia
too many eosinophils
basophilia
too many basophils
types of WBCs that it's cool to not have any of?
eosionphils and basophils
monocytopenia
too few monocytes
monoctyosis
too many monocytes
lymphopenia
too few lymphocytes
lymphocytosis
too many lymphocytes