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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Wright-Giemsa stain
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typical stain for peripheral blood smears; eosin stains cellular elements (hemoglobin, basic proteins, eosinophil granules) orange-red; methylene blue stains acidic elements (DNA, RNA, basophil granules, lymphocyt cytoplasm)
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Types of white blood cells in peripheral blood
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lymphocytes (T-cells, B-cells, NK cells); granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils); monocytes
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White blood cell differential vs. absolute count
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differentials = % split of each WBC type; absolute count = total number WBC per L
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How to calculate absolute count
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absolute WBC * differential = absolute of subtype
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Absolute counts in normal adult
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5k-10k/uL
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Shape of red blood cell, significance
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biconcave disc; flexible, high surface area
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Define reticulocyte
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immature RBC; still has RNA, ribosomes, organelles; released form marrow at 3-4days, circulate for 1-2 days and become RBCs
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Range of RBC count, male and female
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4.6-6.20 and 4.2-5.4 x 10^12 / L; doesn't fluctuate THAT much. Goes down after birth, then back up before 2yrs
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How to recognize Platelet in peripheral blood smear
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it's adorable.
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Range for platelet count in normal adult
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150-400 x 10^9 /L
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Reticulocyte count
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Supravital staining (new methylene blue, brilliant cresyl blue) condenses RNA and organelles; examine 1000 RBCs and determine percentage of reticulocytes
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Anemia
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two few RBCs
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erythrocytosis
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too many RBCs
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polychythemia
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too many RBCs (overexpansion)
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platelet granules, alpha
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fibrinogen, PDGF, etc
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platelet granules, delta
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Ca2+, pyrophosphate, ADP, ATP
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thrombocytopenia
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too few platelets
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thrombocytosis
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too many platelets
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thrombocythemia
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too many platelets (essential thrombocythemia)
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neutrophil granule types
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primary/azurophilic; secondary/specific
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neutropenia
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too few neutrophils
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neutrophilia
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too many neutrophils
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Bands
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immature neutrophils
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eosionphilia
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too many eosinophils
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basophilia
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too many basophils
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types of WBCs that it's cool to not have any of?
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eosionphils and basophils
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monocytopenia
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too few monocytes
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monoctyosis
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too many monocytes
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lymphopenia
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too few lymphocytes
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lymphocytosis
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too many lymphocytes
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