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31 Cards in this Set
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What are Genetically Modified Foods |
Foods (organisms) in which the genetical material has been modified in an unnatural manner that would not occur during mating or natural recombinationFood that has had its genes changed using biotechnology. This is also referred to as “recombinant DNA technology” or “genetic engineering” This allows specific genes to be transferred from one organism to another |
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What is Bioremediation |
Bioremediation is a waste management technique that involves the use of organisms to neutralize pollutant from a contaminated site. |
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What is Replication |
Definition: Process in which the polynucleotide is duplicated in order to create two of the exact same, such as DNA. Process:The DNA strand splits down the middle into two strands.Nucleotides with complementary bases fill inHydrogen bonds are formed New sugar nucleotide joins the phosphate in order to create a new polynucleotide chain |
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Fermentation of Bread |
Fermentation occurs when yeast converts the sugar, present in the flour and dough, into carbon dioxide and alcohol. Yeast provides the enzyme zymase which speeds up the process of the fermentation of sugar into alcohol and carbon dioxide. |
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Fermentation of Yogurt |
Milk + Time to ferment = Yogurt |
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What dose Quarantine mean? |
A state, period, or place of isolation in which people or animals that have arrived from elsewhere or been exposed to infectious or contagious disease are placed. |
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What is selective breeding? |
also known as artificial selection, is a process used by humans to develop new organisms with desirable characteristics. Breeders select two parents that have beneficial phenotypic traits to reproduce, producing offspring with those desired traits. |
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What are xenotransplants |
the process of grafting or transplanting organs or tissues between members of different species |
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What is Gene Therapy |
Gene Therapy is the transplantation of normal genes into cells in place of missing or defective ones in order to correct a genetic disorder. In this future this technique could be used in order to allow doctors to treat a disorder by inserting a gene into a patient's cells, instead of using drugs and or surgery |
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What is Water Disinfection |
Water disinfection means the removal, deactivation or killing of pathogenic microorganisms. Microorganisms are destroyed or deactivated, resulting in termination of growth and reproduction. When microorganisms are not removed from drinking water, drinking water usage will cause people to fall ill. |
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What is electrophoresis |
The motion of dispersed particles relative to a fluid under the influence of a spatially uniform electric field |
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What is Genomics |
Genomics is the science of understanding, interpreting and harnessing this DNA code to create real-world solutions |
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What is mutation |
Permanent changes done to DNA or RNA (genetic material) in cells. Considered the driving force of evolution |
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Fermentation to produce cheese |
First, milk is inoculated with lactic acid bacteria and rennet. The lactic acid bacteria convert the sugar in milk (lactose) to lactic acid. The rennet contains enzymes that modify proteins in milk |
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What is Amylase |
Amylase is an enzyme that aids in digestion of amylose or starch. This enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis reaction (breakdown) of starch into simple sugars. These smaller sugar subunits can then be absorbed by the lining of our small intestines and into the bloodstream |
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What are Lipids |
Molecules taken from plants and animals (organic compounds) Fatty acids that are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents |
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What is Pepsin |
Pepsin is is an enzyme that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides. Pepsin is produced in the stomach and is one of the main digestive enzymes in the digestive system. |
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What is Starch |
A complex carbohydrate, breaks down into glucose in the body, providing a more gradual energy source for your bodily processes than simple carbohydrates, such as refined sugar |
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What are fats |
Fats are a subgroup of compounds known as lipidsThe main purpose of fats in the body is to servAnabolism is the synthesis of compounds needed by the cellse as a storage system and supply of energy.Essential for proper functioning of the body |
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What are carbohydrates |
The sugars, starches, and fibres found in fruits, grains, vegetables, and milk productsThey are macronutrients, meaning they are one of the three means by which the body obtains energy or calories (proteins and fats being the other two energy sources) |
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What is diabetes? |
Definition: a disease in which the body’s ability to produce or respond to the hormone insulin is impaired, resulting in abnormal metabolism of carbohydrates and elevated levels of glucose in the blood and urine. Diabetes is a long-term condition. |
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What are macromolecules |
A molecule that has many atoms, including protein, nucleic acid and synthetic polymer. |
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What are Amino Acids |
a simple organic compound containing both a carboxylic and an amino piece. Amino acids are the building blocks of protein, and muscle tissue. They also have many physiological process benefits such as energy, recovery, sauces, hypertrophy, fat loss, and strength gains are linked to amino acids |
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What are food allergies |
An immune system reaction that occurs soon after eating a certain food |
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What are proteins |
Proteins are large, complex molecules that play many critical roles in the body. They do most of the work in cells and are required for the structure, function, and regulation of the body’s tissues |
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What are minerals |
Minerals are inorganic substances that are found in soil and rocks. A naturally occurring chemical compound, usually of crystalline form and abiogenic in originThey are essential nutrients that the body needs to survive and carry out daily functions and processes. |
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What is a metabolism |
The chemical processes in order to maintain life within a living organismMetabolism is divided into 2 categories: catabolism and anabolism |
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What is emulsification |
the breakdown of fats into tiny droplets, which creates a larger surface area on which enzymes can digest the fats into fatty acids and glycerol |
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What is food poisoning |
Food poisoning, also called foodborne illness, is illness caused by eating contaminated food. |
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What is hydrochloric acid |
Hydrochloric Acid (also known as HCl),is a strong acid found in the human digestive tract (stomach acid). Has the ability to break down foods and proteins in the stomach. If your body can make an adequate amount of HCl, it can properly digest foods. |
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What is Benedict's solution |
Benedict’s solution is a chemical solution that changes color in the presence of glucose and other reducing sugarsUsed in clinical urine tests for diabetes |
