Biostatistics Chapter 1

Front 1

ID which of the variables are dependent and independent, or neither:
ASA is compared against placebo to see if it leads to a reduction in coronary events:

Back 1

IV: Drug/placebo DV: Number of coronary events

Front 2

ID which of the variables are dependent and independent, or neither:The relationship between hypocholesterolemia and cancer.

Back 2

IV is cholesterol level. DV is cancer.

Front 3

We know that members of religious groups that ban drugs, alcohol, smoking, meat, and sex (because it may lead to dancing) live longer than the rest of us poor mortals, but is it worth it? How do they compare with us on a test of quality of life?

Back 3

IV: Group membership. DV: quality of life score.

Front 4

One study (a real one, this time) found that bus drivers had higher morbidity rates of coronary heart disease than did conductors. It leads to a reduction in coronary events.

Back 4

IV is occupation. DV is CHD.

Front 5

State which of the following variables are discrete and which are continuous: The number of hair-transplant sessions undergone in the past year.

Back 5

number of sessions is a Discrete variable

Front 6

The time since the last patient was grateful for what you did.

Back 6

Time is a continuous variable.

Front 7

Your anticipated before-taxes income the year after you graduate.

Back 7

Money is discrete because it is not divisible beyond cents.

Front 8

Your anticipated after-taxes income in the same year.

Back 8

Because your after taxes income will be $0, it doesn't apply.

Front 9

The amount of weight you've put on in the same year.

Back 9

Weight is continuous

Front 10

The number of hairs you've lost in the same time

Back 10

The number of hairs is discrete

Front 11

Indicate whether the following variables are nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio.
Your income (assuming it's more than $0)

Back 11

Income is ratio

Front 12

A list of different specialties in your profession.

Back 12

List of specialties is nominal

Front 13

The ranking of specialties with regard to income.

Back 13

Ranking of specialties is ordinal.

Front 14

Bo Derek was described as a "10." What type of variable was the scale?

Back 14

The scale is ordinal, bordering on interval.

Front 15

A range of motion in degrees.

Back 15

ROM is ratio.

Front 16

Staging of breast cancer as type I, II, III, IV.

Back 16

Staging is ordinal

Front 17

ST depression on the ECG, measured in millimeters.

Back 17

ST depression is ratio.

Front 18

ST depression, measured as "1" +_ "1mm, "2"=1 to 5 mm, and "3"<_5mm.

Back 18

Grouping the data has changed it into an ordinal scale.

Front 19

ICD-9 Classifications: 0295=organic psychosis, -296=Depression, and so on.

Back 19

A list of diagnoses is nominal.

Front 20

Diastolic blood pressure, in mm HG.

Back 20

B/P is ratio.

Front 21

Pain measurement on a seven point measurement scale.

Back 21

An ordinal scale that we often treat as interval.