Lab 6 - Enzymes In Action

Front 1

Enzyme

Back 1

Protein that acts like a biological catalyst

Front 2

Catalyst

Back 2

A compound that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction, by lowering the activTion energy of a reaction

Unlike enzymes, catalysts DO NOT change their shape after a reaction has taken place

Front 3

Transition State

Back 3

The enzyme substrate must pass through a transition state before it can become products + enzyme.

Back (Definition)

Front 4

Invertase or sucrase

Back 4

The enzyme that we used

Front 5

Sucrose

Back 5

-disaccharide

-non reducing sugar

-Benedict test

-blue

Front 6

Denatured

Back 6

Enzymes have an optimal state to do their thing. If temp, pH, or concentration are not optimal enzyme becomes denatured.

Front 7

Catalysts are...

Back 7

...not altered by the reaction.

...most biological catalysts are enzymes

... Biological catalysts (enzymes and ribozymes) are highly specific.

Front 8

Substrates are...

Back 8

...reactants are called Substrates.

...Substrate molecules bind to the active site of the enzyme

...three-dimensional shape of the enzyme determines the specificity

Front 9

Enzyme-substrate complex is held together in what bonds?

Back 9

...held together by hydrogen bonds, electrical attraction, or covalent bonds.

Front 10

What is the enzyme-substrate state?

Back 10

The time when an enzyme bonds to a substrate, changes shape and induces stress on the substrate.

Front 11

Substrate Concentration

Back 11

The rate of a catalyzed reaction depends on substrate concentration.

Concentration of an enzyme is usually much lower than concentration of a substrate.

At saturation, all enzyme is bound to substrate- maximum rate.

Front 12

A

Back 12

B

Front 13

What is Optimal Temperature ?

Back 13

Every enzyme has an optimal temperature . At high temps, noncovent bonds begin to break. Enzyme can lose its tertiary structure and become denatured.

Front 14

Denatured

Back 14

Denatured is loss of enzymatic activity due to severe conditions such as high temp, pH, salt or degradation.

Some enzymes can be renatured of conditions can be restored to normal and if the enzyme itself is not degraded. Degredation of enzyme is IRREVERSIBLE .

Front 15

Substrate

Back 15

Substrate is a specific molecule that can be recognized and be bound by a specific enzyme.

Front 16

Lock : Key recognition

Back 16

The 3D interaction between enzyme and substrate is known as the enzyme-substrate complex .

Front 17

J Tube

Back 17

Back (Definition)