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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hooke´s law |
Law of mechanics by Robert Hooke Theory of elasticity say "extension of a sping is propirtional to the load applied to it. F = Kx (k = stiffnes constant depends on material) (x = distance streched) EPe = Eleastic Potential Energy = 1/2 Kx^2 Energy saved in a streched or compressed object. |
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Elasticity Young’s modulus |
Property that an object or a material has to come back to its original shape after it is disorders Measurement of the stiffness of a linear object like rods, wires etc which are stretched or compressed E= tensile stress / tensile strain Unit is Pascal |
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Elasticity in subcellular level |
Collagen Protein of connective tissue abillity to strech. Elastin Protein of connective tissue ECM = support anchorage, segrgation tissue, regulating intercellular communication |
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Mechanical characteristics of cartilage usw. |
Cartilage dense connective tissue. Chondroyctes, cartilage cellls produce extacellurla matrix = collagen, hyaluronic acid, proteoglycans, glycoproteins. Bone = oesteoblast and extracellular bone M Blood vessels contain elastin Skin contains collagen and elastin |
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Pressure |
Force on perpendicular dircetion to surface P=F/A UNits PA; Bar, atm, Torr 1Pa=1N/M2 = 1g/m3 = 10-5bar = 9.8692 x10 atm Pascal = one Newton per square meter |
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Bernoulli Equation |
Volume flow, = Qv = M^2 * V Bernoulli equation is a statement of the conservation of energy principles appropriate for flowing fluids. Energy/unit volume before = energy/unit volume after |
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Ideal Fluid ,Viscosity |
no viscosity, no friction, incompressible Viscosity: the resistance to fluid flow Blood viscosity = 0.04 Poise F= ηA(ΔVx)/(ΔY) unit = Pa x s or Poise. |
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Blood pressure |
value of the pressure in the arteries on the level of the heart. During one heart beat, maximum value is systolic BP and minimum value is diastolic BP. BP is influenced by age, sex, physical and psychical factors etc. Unit of BP is kPa or torr (mmHg). The value of 140/90 in the upper boundary of normal |
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Physical characteristics of acoustic waves |
vibration transmitted through a solid, liquid, or gas Acoustic waves 4 qualities: frequency, amplitude, wave shape, and phase and type of mechanical wave. wave travels by jumping from one particle of the medium to another. Energy transfer not material. |
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Mechanical Waves |
Transveres Wave 90° angle vibration to direction traveling. Longitudinal wave - Compression like movement spread moment = rarefraction Hz: audible sound: 16-20,000; infrasound: <16; ultrasound >20,000 Amplitud is at max 0.5 mm loudness of a sound v = f λ. |
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Acoustic imendance |
Ration of reflected/transmitted energy between enviroments. |
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Timbre, Pitch Intensity |
Timbre charateristics is spectrum and envelope. Quality of note or sound Pitch: Represents the perceived fundamental frquencey of sound. Intensity. I is soundpower per unit area. Unit(W/m2) Sound intensity I = pv sound pressure * velocity |
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Path of audiroty system |
Sound -> Pinna through external auditory canal -> tymapanic membrane -> malleus, incus, staps -> oval window into innner ear -> cochlea-> tiny hair cells move with the fluid-> motion into electrical signal to brain |
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Organ Corti |
From Vestibule around Modiulus Receptor Organ of hearing filled with endolymph. Includes tectorial membrane, Basilar membrane and Hair cells that send mechanical forces. Inner 95 afferent and outer haircells effernt fibers |
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Hearing dissorders |
Conductive hearing loss : sound is not conducted efficiently through the outer ear canal Types : Fluid in middle ear, middle ear infection Perforated eardrum. Sensorineural Hearing Loss: damage to the inner ear (cochlea) SNHL Types: genetic, aging, exposrue to loud nosie |
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Hearing Examinations |
Weber test: detection of one sided hearing loss. Vibrating tuning fork 256 or 512 Hz) is placed in the middle of the forehead. patient is ask to which ear is louder. Rinne Test: It compares perception of sounds, air or bone, quick to test conductive hearing loss. Tunning fork at mastoid process then immediatly placed outside the ear |
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Intensity , electric field |
Intensity: Ratio of the electrostatic force exerted on a body to the charge on the body. Electric field: Electric field is defined as the electric force per unit charge. SI units of newtons per coulomb. Potential of Electric Field PE per unit of charge that associated with the electric field. Scalar quantiy, measured in Volts. |
