Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
four basic types of tissue |
nervous epithelial muscle connective |
|
|
what are the 3 components to connective tissue |
1. fibres 2. ground substance 3. cells (fixed/resident and wandering) |
|
|
main type of fixed/rsident cells |
fibroblast mast macrophages |
|
|
main type of wandering cell |
WBC - leukocyte |
|
|
types of WBC |
basophils neutrophils eosinophils lymphocytes monocytes |
|
|
3 types of fibers |
collagen elastic reticular |
|
|
What is the ground substance? |
GAGs -hyaluronic acid -chrondroitin sulfate -dermatan sulfate -keratin sulfate -heparin |
|
|
what is the main function of connective tissue |
support and protection |
|
|
how much extracellular matrix foes connective tissue have |
LOTS! |
|
|
what are the 3 major germ layers that form the embryonic disc and what layer is CT formed from? |
endoderm mesoderm- all connective tissue formed from here ectoderm |
|
|
what is connective tissue |
material made up of fibres forming a framework and support structure for body tissues and organs |
|
|
How can connective tissue be classified |
embryonic connective tissue connective tissue proper specialized connective tissue |
|
|
functions of connective tissue |
structural support medium for exchange and transportation defense/protection cell nutrition forming site for storage of fat/insulation |
|
|
what connective tissue has lots of cells and little matrix |
adipose |
|
|
the three types of CT fibres are formed by what |
collagen and reticular formed by collagen elastic formed by elastin |
|
|
what do CT look like |
long, slender, polymers- variable proportions |
|
|
what are the most abundant fibrs |
collagen (30% of body protein) |
|
|
what is collagen fiber strength |
inelastic and great tensile strenngth |
|
|
Collagen fiber are made of what? |
Fibers made ofsmaller fibrilsFibrils made ofmicrofibrilsProtein collagenmade of triple helix of polypeptide chains (alpha with 1050aa) |
|
|
what aa are abundant |
proline and lysine hydroxyproline, hydroxylysine every 3rd is a glycine |
|
|
what makes a kink in the chain |
proline |
|
|
what are the intracellular events in the syn of collagen |
1.formation of mrna for each type of alpha chain 2.uptake of proline, lysine, glycine and other aa 3.syn of pro-alpha-chains with extra pep at both ends |
|
|
most common collagen type? |
type 1 |
|
|
reticular fiber- how is it different? |
narrower in diameter- more sugar groups type III |
|
|
when reticular crosslinks what does it form |
reticulin |
|
|
where is reticular fibers found |
lymphatic blood vessels |
|
|
how are elastic fibres different? |
consist of elastin fibres- long and highly accomodating |
|
|
how are elastic chains held together |
|
|
|
what aa are found in elastic fibers |
glycine, lysine, alanine, valine ,proline (no hydroxylysine) |
|
|
what is the core of elastic fibres surrounded by |
microfibrils (consist of fibrulin) |
|
|
Main functions of collagen vs reticular vs elastic |
strength support flexible |
|
|
what does ground substance do |
fills space between cells and fibres of CT -lubricant and barrier to invaers |
|
|
3 groups of molecules in ground substance? |
GAGS proteoglycans multi adhesive glycoprotein |
|
|
what is a GAG |
nn |
|
|
What are the post translational modifications to collagen? |
1. polysome complex translocates to rER and alpha-chains enter lumen of rER 2. proline and lysine residues of alpha-chains are hydroxylated 3. galatosyl and glucosyl residues attached to certain hydroxylysyl residues 4. three alpha chains form a helical configuration - pro collagen 5. pro collagen transferred to Golgi - packed in Clathrin coated vesicles- exocytosed |
|
|
What happens to collagen after it leaves the cell |
1. pro collagen leaves cell- membrane bound enzyme (pro collagen peptidase) cleaves pro peptides from carboxyl and amino end 2. cleavage transforms pro collagen into tropocollagen 3.tropocollagen self assembles-->collagen fibrils |
|
|
Where is type I collagen found |
1. Type I- tendons, internal organs, bones |
|
|
Where is type II collagen found? |
2. Type II- hyaline, elastic cartilage--> vitreous body of eye, intervertebral disc |
|
|
where is type III collagen found? |
3. Type III- blood vessel, lymphatic |
|
|
Where is type IV collagen found? |
4.Type IV- basal lamina, lens capsule of eye |
|
|
What are some examples of specialized CT |
cartilage bone adipose tissue |
