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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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what classification of joint is the femoral-acetabular joint?
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Enarthrosis
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T or F None of the ligaments of the femoral-acetabular joint resist extension
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False. none of the ligaments of the femoral-acetabular joint resists flexion
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T or F the rectus femoris has greatest force output when the hip is extended and the knee is flexed
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True
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The close packed position for the hip is what?
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flexion, abduction, external rotation
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the greater the angle of inclination of the hip (greater than 125) causes what?
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lengthened limb, reduction in moment arm of the adductors, increases the load on the femoral head
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The greater the degree of ante-version of the hip (excessive) causes what?
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toe-in posture
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what is associated with anterior pelvic tilt (what muscles)?
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facilitation of iliopsoas
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can an anterior pelvic tilt cause a functional short leg?
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yes
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strain injury to the hamstrings typically occurs when ??
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the knee extends from a point of maximum hip flexion
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maximium hip flexion is when ?
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heel-strke during sprinting
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facilitation of the hamstrings can do what to the pelvis and lumbar spine?
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posterior pelvic tilt and flattening of the lumbar lordosis
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actions of gluteus maximus
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extension of the hip, external rotation of the hip, posterior rotation of the pelvis
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dysfunction of the abductors can result in what four things
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trendelenburg gait, increased shear force on the SI joint, increased strain on the femoral neck, a higher pelvis on the weaker side
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The hip abductors on one side of the body act as _____ with the hip adductors on the contra-lateral side of the body
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synergists
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the acceleration phase of swing occurs during?
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from toe-off through mid-swing
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in the hip joint, during gait the hamstrings are most active during what phase? gluteus medius is most active during what phase?
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heel-strike; mid-support
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when is apophysitis most common (what age) and what causes it
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apophysitis (inflammation of the growth plate) is most commonly due to repetitive overuse trauma and is seen in YOUNG adult atheletes (14 - 18 yrs)
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most hip injuries are what types of injuries?
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soft tissue
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the closed-packed position of the knee is
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extension; (this is when it is at greatest stability)
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what is the Q angle
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Q-Angle determines the position of the patella and lower extremity. it is formed between a line drawn from ASIS and center of the patella through the tibial tuberosity
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screw-home mechanism
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refers to the external rotation of the tibia that occurs from 20 degrees of flexion to terminal extension as the knee moves into the closed-packed position
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T or F quadriceps femoris is 3X stronger than the hamstrings
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True
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T or F the meniscus is completely avascular
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False. the majority is avascular. Only the outer portion has blood supply. This limits the ability to heal if injured
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the medial collateral ligament of the knee limits what force? varus or valgus?
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valgus
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the anterior cruciate ligament of the knee does what?
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supports against anterior translation of tibia relative to femur, assessed by drawing tibia anteriorly relative to femur
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what ligament in the knee is most commonly injured during violent twisting movements
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anterior cruciate ligament
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Q-angle represents what stress on the knee? valgus or varus
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Valgus
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The middle aspect of the ____ can withstand greater tensile forces than any other bone in the body
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fibula
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screw-home mechanism refers to?
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external rotation of the knee as it moves into terminal extension
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what muscle is best positioned to minimize the amount of posterior shear force at the knee
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quadriceps
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the hamstrings are most efficient when the knee is? flexed or extended?
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flexed
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what does the fibula do upon dorsiflexion of the foot
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the fibula externally rotates, moves laterally, moves superiorly with dorsiflexion of the foot
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