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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Properties of water |
-hydrogen bonding -special angle/distance -highest surface tension |
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Surface tension |
the tension of the surface film of a liquid caused by the attraction of the particles in the surface layer by the bulk of the liquid, which tends to minimize surface area |
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Intrinsic |
depends on composition, not microstructure (if there's a table, it's probably intrinsic) |
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extrinsic |
depends on microstructure |
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Hooke's Law |
elastic behavior, states that the extension of a spring is in direct proportion with the load applied to it |
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Stress and Strain |
normal applied force (true strain = continuous deformation) stress-strain curve = displays force deformation |
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Yield Strength |
the stress at which a material begins to deform plastically (irreversibly) point reached on stress-strain curve |
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Tension and Compression |
perpendicular applied force |
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Shear |
parallel applied force, used to test materials w/ low yield strength (polymers, couscous fluids etc.) |
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Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) |
nano indentation technique |
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elastic constants |
(extrinsic because depends on microstructure) elastic modulus, shear modulus, bulk modulus |
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elastic modulus |
steep slope = high elastic modulus high elastic modulus = material that requires a lot of stress to produce little deformation (metal) low elastic modulus = material that requires little stress to produce a lot of deformation (plastic) |
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poisson's ratio |
(intrinsic) strain in transverse direction / strain in axial direction higher ratio, more elastic (ex: rubber=0.5, concrete=0.2) |
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Isotropic |
material with properties are the same in all directions (ex: metallics and ceramics) |
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Anisotropic |
material with properties are NOT the same in all directions (ex: polymeric materials like bones and ligaments) |
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Resilience |
A measure of elastic energy that can be stored in a unit of volume of stressed material |
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Toughness |
The amount of energy per unit volume that a material can absorb before failure |
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Fracture Toughness |
A measure of how successfully a material resists the propagation of cracks (depends on the environment in which it is tested) |
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Fatigue |
The progressive and localized structural damage that occurs when a material is subjected to cyclic loading |
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Weibull modulus |
statistical aspects of failure failure probability |
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Thermal expansion |
nominal strain that occurs when the temperature of a material is changed |
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Surface |
the zone where the structure and composition, influenced by the interface, differs from the average bulk composition and structure. |
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Interface |
the transition between two phases (an infinitely thin separation plane) |
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Interphase |
the unique compositional phase between two phases |
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surface properties |
roughness, patterns, wettability, surface mobility, chemical composition, electrical charge, crystallinity, modulus, heterogeneity |
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surface roughness |
measure of the texture of a surface, quantified by vertical deviations of a real surface from its ideal form (large deviations = rough, small deviations = smooth) |
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wetting |
ability of a liquid to maintain contact with a solid surface, resulting from intermolecular interactions extent to which a liquid will spread over a solid surface measured by a contact angle |
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contact angle phenomenon |
balance between the force with which the molecules of the drop of liquid are attracted to each other (cohesive force) and the attraction of the liquid molecules for the surface (adhesive force) |
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young's equation |
force balance |
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Zisman Method |
when a liquid spreads freely on an analyzed surface, its surface tension is lower than or equal to that of the surface upon which it is spreading. |
