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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Central metabolic pathways function |
metabolize carbohydrates and carboxylic acids. provide precursor metabolites for all other pathways. |
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EMP stage 1 rxn overview |
glucose + 2 ATP -> 2 PGALD + 2 ADP |
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EMP stage 2 rxn overview |
2 PGALD + 2 Pi + 4 ADP + 2 NAD+ -> 2 pyruvate + 4 ATP + 2 NADH + 2H+ |
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EMP total rxn overview |
glucose + 2 ADP + 2 Pi + 2 NAD+ -> 2 pyruvate + 2 ATP + 2 NADH + 2H+ |
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fate of pyruvate in fermenting cells |
converted to fermentation end products such as alcohols, organic acids and solvents |
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allosterically regulated points of EMP |
fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate, and phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate. |
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allosteric regulation of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate rxn |
ADP can allosterically activates the phosphofructokinase enzyme, stimulating glycolysis. phosphoenolpyruvate can also feedback inhibit phosphofructokinase (end-product inhibition). AMP can inhibit gluconeogenesis by allosterically inhibiting fructose-1,6-bisphosphate phosphatase action. |
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allosteric regulation of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate rxn
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fructose-1,6-bisphosphate positively regulates pyruvate kinase |
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enzymes involved/required for gluconeogenesis |
fructose-1,6-bisphosphate phosphatase
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general processes that re-oxidize NADH |
respiration, fermentation, dehydrogenase action |
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fate of pyruvate in respiring cells |
oxidized to acetyl-CoA, which is oxidized to CO2 in TCA (if it is aerobic respiration) |
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pyruvate dehydrogenase action |
(in aerobic respiration) oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA. also produces CO2 and NADH |
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pyruvate dehydrogenase feedback inhibition |
by acetyl-CoA and NADH |
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pyruvate dehydrogenase stimulation |
phosphoenolpyruvate and AMP |
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pyruvate-ferredoxin oxidoreductase action |
(in anaerobic respiration) oxidative decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA using ferredoxin as an e- acceptor. Phosphotransacetylasecatalyzes thedisplacement of CoAby inorganic phosphate. also produces CO2 and H2 |
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pyruvate-formate lyase action |
(in anaerobic respiration) an oxidative decarboxylationof pyruvate to acetyl-CoA and the e- stay with the carboxy group (formate isproduced). Phosphotransacetylase catalyzes the displacement of CoA by inorganic phosphate |
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similarities between EMP and ED |
1. C6 primed with phosphoryl group. 2. C6 cleaved by aldolase. 3. 2 C3 compounds generated4. 6C sugar converted to 2 pyruvate |
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differences between EMP and ED |
1. Substrate for aldolase is 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-P-gluconate 2. ED products are 1 ATP + 1 NADPH 1 NADH + 2H+ |
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EMP intermediates that are precursors, and what they're synthesized into |
G6P (polysaccharides, aromatic a.a.), DHAP (phospholipids), 3-PGA (serine, glycine, cysteine), PEP (muramic acid) |
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enzyme and intermediate unique to ED |
dehydratase enzyme. turns 6-phosphogluconate into 2-keto-3-deoxy-6-phosphogluconate (KDPG). KDPG is unique intermediate |