Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Who's Griffith
|
1928, figured out that there are smooth strains and rough strains. Found that there was a transformation from R to S
|
|
|
Who's Avery
|
1944, identified molecule that transferred R into S
|
|
|
Hershey & Chase
|
Provided evidence that DNA is the transforming factor
|
|
|
Who's Franklin?
|
Her Photo 51 & x-ray diffraction data helped Watson & Crick solve the structure of DNA
|
|
|
Watson & Crick
|
Discovered the Double Helix structure
|
|
|
Who's Chargaff
|
found that G=C and A=T
|
|
|
What's DNA Helicase?
|
enzyme that unwinds the DNA and breaks hydrogen bonds between bases
|
|
|
Whats tRNA?
|
transport RNA
(smaller segments that transport amino acids to the ribosome) |
|
|
What's DNA Polymerase?
|
enzyme that adds the nucleotides to the new DNA strand starting at the 3' end and zips strands back up
|
|
|
Whats codon?
|
3 bases codes in the DNA and mRNA that made up amino acids
|
|
|
Whats rRNA?
|
ribosomal RNA, forms ribosomes in the cytoplasm
|
|
|
Whats mRNA?
|
messenger RNA, formed from one strand of a DNA molecule, they direct the synthesis of specific proteins
|
|
|
Whats ribose?
|
Sugar
|
|
|
Whats deoxiribose?
|
Sugar
|
|
|
Whats RNA Polymerase?
|
Enzyme that regulates RNA synthase
|
|
|
Whats anticodon?
|
3 base coding sequence that is complimentary to the codon sequence
|
|
|
Whats replication?
|
parental strands of DNA separate, serve as templates & produce DNA molecules w/ 1 strand of parental DNA & 1 strand of new DNA
|
|
|
Whats transcription?
|
DNA code is transferred to mRNA in the nucleus, the code used to synthesize proteins (takes place in nucleus)
|
|
|
Whats translation?
|
mRNA is synthesized & processed, moves to & attaches to the ribosome, code is read & translated into proteins (happens in nucleus)
|
|
|
What are Ribosomes?
|
Simple cell organelle that helps manufacture proteins
|
|
|
What is x-ray diffraction?
|
A picture that helped Watson & Crick solve the structure of DNA
|
|
|
Whats a Hydrogen Bond?
|
A bond formed by the attraction of opposite charges between a hydrogen & oxygen atom
|
|
|
DNA
|
(Holds genetic material)
subunits of nucleic acids, 5 carbon sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base A, G, C, T, [[double helix]] |
|
|
mRNA
|
messenger RNA, direct synthesis of specific proteins
usually single stranded |
|
|
tRNA
|
transport RNA, smaller segments that transport amino acids to the ribosome
trumpet like shape |
|
|
Whats the FIRST STEP in the process of DNA replication
|
DNA Helicase- unwinds DNA, & breaks hydrogen bonds between bases
|
|
|
Whats the SECOND STEP in the process of DNA replication
|
DNA Primase- adds primer/starting point on each DNA strand
|
|
|
Whats the THIRD STEP in the process of DNA replication
|
DNA Polymerase- Adds nucleotides to the new DNA strand starting at the 3' end and zips strands back up
|
