Biology With Physiology (Ch.5)

Front 1

Global Warming

Back 1

The progressive increase of Earth's average temperature that has been occurring over the past century

Front 2

Greenhouse Effect

Back 2

The presence of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases in the atmosphere

Front 3

Heat

Back 3

The total amount of energy associated with the movement of atoms and molecules in a substance

Front 4

Temperature

Back 4

Measure of intensity of heat

Front 5

Fossil Fuels

Back 5

(Petroleum, Coal, and Natural Gas) Nonrenewable resource consisting of the buried remains of ancient plants that have been transformed by heat and pressure into coal and oil

Front 6

Photosynthesis

Back 6

The process in which plants and other microorganisms trap light energy from the sun and use it to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar

Front 7

Chloroplasts

Back 7

The specialized organelles in plant cells where photosynthesis takes place

Front 8

Stroma

Back 8

Thick fluid that houses some of the enzymes of photosynthesis

Front 9

Thylakoids

Back 9

Flattened membranous sac located in the chloroplast stroma

Front 10

Chlorophyll

Back 10

A pigment that absorbs energy from the sun

Front 11

Light Reactions

Back 11

A series of reactions that occur on thylakoid membranes during photosynthesis and serve to convert energy from the sun into the energy stored in the bonds of ATP and evolve oxygen

Front 12

Calvin Cycle

Back 12

Uses ATP and NADPH generated by the light reactions to synthesize sugars from carbon dioxide

Front 13

RuBisCo

Back 13

(Ribulose Bisphosphate Carboxylase Oxygenase) Enzyme that catalyzes the first step in the Calvin Cycle

Front 14

Stomata

Back 14

Pores on the Photosynthetic surfaces of plants that allow air into the internal structures of leaves and green stems

Front 15

Guard Cell

Back 15

Either of the paired cells encircling stomata that serve to regulate the size of the stomatal pore, helping to minimize water loss under dry conditions and maximize carbon dioxide under wet

Front 16

Photorespiration

Back 16

First enzyme in the Calvin Cycle (rubisco) uses oxygen instead of carbon dioxide as a substrate for the reaction it catalyzes with RuBP

Front 17

Deforestation

Back 17

Replacement of trees with grasses