Biology Vocab Quiz 1 - David Teme

Front 1

Fact

Back 1

a measure property/observation of the world around you

Front 2

law

Back 2

a regular pattern of occurrence in nature

Front 3

Theory

Back 3

an idea that explains (conceptually) many diverse phenomena of nature

Front 4

inertia

Back 4

the tendency of an object to stay the same (at rest or at motion)

Front 5

field forcé

Back 5

the push or pull that an object experiences as a result of an interaction with another object at a distance (no physical contact)

Front 6

potential energy

Back 6

the energy associated with potential, due to the presence of one or more forces, to increase its velocity (accelerate)

Front 7

1st law of thermodynamics

Back 7

Energy cant be created nor destroyed, only transformed from one type to another.

Front 8

heat

Back 8

random molecular motion

Front 9

self assembly

Back 9

the tendency of objects to take on a non-random arrangement, due to field force interactions

Front 10

emergen property

Back 10

properties that emerge as a result of the arrangement (like a car)

Front 11

ordered arrangement

Back 11

when the parts of a system are arranged in a certain pattern or way (NOT RANDOMLY)

Front 12

self organization

Back 12

a systems parts interact in a way in a way that they take on a non random pattern

Front 13

process

Back 13

when the outputs are converted into inputs. Some change takes place

Front 14

performance

Back 14

when 2 or more processes have been lined together by regulatory connections, changing the results

Front 15

sensor

Back 15

any device that adjusts a processors rate as a response into some change of conditions

Front 16

input based regulation

Back 16

when ever a processors input is limited, and the actions of another processor influence the supply of the limiting input

Front 17

counteracting response

Back 17

when a sensor detects some kind of trend change, and makes rate adjustments to reverse the trend

Front 18

coacting response

Back 18

when a sensor detects some kind of trend change, and makes adjustments to accelerate that trend change (or maintain it)

Front 19

homeostasis

Back 19

the act of maintaining similar conditions, despite disruptive fluctuations

Front 20

information

Back 20

an arrangement that can code for sometype of activity (which can be read, and converted into activity)

Front 21

genome

Back 21

a set of info that, in total, has sufficient info to guide the development of a reproductively competent organism

Front 22

gene

Back 22

a single instruction within a genome

Front 23

genotype

Back 23

a organisms specific constitution of genetic info

Front 24

phenotype

Back 24

the performing/active part of an organism (usually thought as as the body)

Front 25

shape performance tradeoff

Back 25

the fact that an organisms shape gives him advantages and disadvantages (is good at one thing, but not another

Front 26

asexual reproduction

Back 26

the production of offspring by a single parent, and when there are no errors, the genotype is passed on (kids a clone)

Front 27

sex

Back 27

when the genetic info from more than one individual is combined into a single individual

Front 28

gameto

Back 28

a haploid cell capable of fusing with another gamete (usually from the opposite sex) to form a diploid cell

Front 29

anisogamy

Back 29

when a sexual population produces 2 distinct types of gametes (usually male and female (more mobile and more nutrient laden))

Front 30

ploidy level

Back 30

the number of genomes contained within a cell

Front 31

biological species concept

Back 31

a species is when 2 members of the opposite sex can recognize each other as potential mates, and can produce viable offspring. Its the largest unit of populations where genetic mixing can occur. If they cant mate and have viable (reproductive kids) they arent of the same species

Front 32

trophic level

Back 32

a species position in an energy food chain. 1st level-sun using species. 2nd eat those. 3rd eat those and so on. Higher level trophic species feed on those others for their needed supply of usable energy

Front 33

gross production effeciency

Back 33

the efficiency with which biomass consumed from one trophic level is converted to biomass at the next trophic level

Front 34

niche

Back 34

the set of conditionss (based on each species requirements) under which a species can mantain a viable population

Front 35

carrying capacity

Back 35

the maximum sustainable population size for each species within a community

Front 36

gene pool

Back 36

the entire genetic constitution of a sexual pop. (all the genetic info in all the genotypes of a population)

Front 37

mutation

Back 37

a modifcation of the genotype within an individual cell. (in multi cell organisms, it can happen in its somatic cells, or in its germ cells)

Front 38

biological evolution

Back 38

the 2 step process of descent with modification followed by persistence across generations

Front 39

natural selection

Back 39

when the mod type is caught in a reproductive race with the ancestral type, and the outcome is affected by difs in performance capabilities

Front 40

genetic drift

Back 40

whenever a mod. type is in a reproductive race with an ancestral type, and the outcome is affected by chance occurances

Front 41

phylogeny

Back 41

???