Biology Vocab Final Exam

Front 1

Abiotic Factor

Back 1

Physical, or non living factor that shapes an ecosystem

Front 2

Active Transport

Back 2

Energy-requiring process that moves material across a cell membrane against the concentration gradient.

Hint 2

(Low to High)

Front 3

Amino Acid

Back 3

molecules containing an amine group, a carboxylic acid group and a side chain that varies between different amino acids.

Front 4

Biological Magnification

Back 4

The increase in concentration of a harmful or damaging substance that occurs in a food chain

Front 5

Biomass

Back 5

total amount of living tissue living within a given trophic level

Front 6

Biotic Factor

Back 6

Biological influence on organisms within an ecosystem.

Front 7

Carbohydrate

Back 7

A carbohydrate is an organic compound with general formula Cm(H2O), consisting only of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen,

Front 8

Cell Division

Back 8

When a cell splits into 2 daughter cells.

Front 9

Cellular Respiration

Back 9

When energy is released by breaking down glucose and other food molecules in the presence of oxygen.

Front 10

Chemosynthesis

Back 10

Process by which some organisms such as some bacteria, use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates.

Front 11

Cell Membrane

Back 11

Thin, flexible barrier around the cell, regulates what enters and leaves the cell.

Front 12

Cell Wall

Back 12

tough, usually flexible but sometimes fairly rigid layer that surrounds plants, bacteria, fungi, algae, but not Animals and protozoa

Front 13

Cell Specialization

Back 13

When cells develop in different ways to perform different tasks.

Front 14

Centriole

Back 14

One of 2 tiny structures located in the cytoplasm of animals near the nuclear envelope

Front 15

Chloroplast

Back 15

Chloroplasts are organelles found in plant cells and other eukaryotic organisms(not animals) that conduct photosynthesis. Chloroplasts capture light energy to conserve free energy.

Front 16

Chromatin

Back 16

Granular material visible within the nucleus,

Front 17

Compound Light Microscope

Back 17

A microscope is an instrument to see objects too small for the naked eye.

Front 18

Cytokineisis

Back 18

Division of the cytoplasm during Cell Division.

Front 19

Cytoplasm

Back 19

material inside the cell membrane-not including the nucleus.

Front 20

Cytoskeleton

Back 20

network of protein filaments within some cells that maintain its shape and is involved in many forms of cell movement

Front 21

Diffusion

Back 21

When molecules tend to move from an area where they are more concentrated to a lesser concentrated one.

Hint 21

(High to Low), Doesn't require energy

Front 22

Ecological pyramid

Back 22

Diagram that shows the relative amounts of energy or matter within each trophic level in a food chain or food web.

Front 23

Emigration

Back 23

Movement of Individuals out of an area.

Front 24

Endocytosis

Back 24

When the cell takes in material by infolding the cell membrane.

Front 25

Endotherm

Back 25

Animal that controls its own body heat.

Front 26

Ectotherm

Back 26

Animal that relies on interactions with the environment to control its body temperature.

Front 27

Enzyme

Back 27

Proteins that catalyze (increase the rates of) chemical reactions in the cell.

Front 28

Equilibrium

Back 28

When the concentration of a solute is the same throughout cell division

Hint 28

Think about the Cell, and the Liquid!

Front 29

Eukaryote

Back 29

Multicellular organism, with cells that are containing nuclei.

Front 30

Food Chain

Back 30

Series of steps in an ecosystem in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being eaten.

Front 31

Food Web

Back 31

Network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships among the various organisms in an ecosystem.

Front 32

Exponential Growth

Back 32

Growth pattern in which the individuals in a population reproduce at a constant rate.

Front 33

Endoplasmic reticulum
(Smooth)

Back 33

The network of smooth endoplasmic reticulum allows increased surface area for the action or storage of materials in the cell(does not contain ribosomes)

Front 34

Endoplasmic reticulum
(Rough)

Back 34

eukaryotic organelle that forms an interconnected network of tubules, vesicles, and cisternae within cells, where protein synthesis is carried out

Front 35

Hypertonic

Back 35

a solution that has a higher solute concentration than the one to which it is compared

Front 36

Hypotonic

Back 36

a solution that has a lower solute concentration than the one to which it is compared

Front 37

Isotonic

Back 37

a solution that has an equal concentration of solutes

Front 38

Lysosome

Back 38

ysosomes are spherical organelles that contain enzymes, they breakdown materials in the cell

Front 39

Mitosis

Back 39

Part of eukaryotic cell division during which the cell nucleus divides

Front 40

Mitochondrion

Back 40

Cell organelle that converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are compatible for cell use.

Front 41

Monosaccaride

Back 41

Single sugar molecule

Hint 41

Mono=One!

Front 42

Niche

Back 42

Full range of physical and biological conditions in which and organism lives and how that organism uses those conditions.

Hint 42

Roleplay!

Front 43

Nuclear Envelope

Back 43

Layer of two membranes that surrounds the nucleus of the cell.

Front 44

pH Scale

Back 44

Measurement system used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) and it ranges from 0-14.

Front 45

Phagocytosis

Back 45

Process in which extensions of cytoplasm surround and engulf large particles and take them into the cell.

Front 46

Parasitism

Back 46

Symbiotic Relationship in which one organism lives off another, harming it.

Front 47

Photosynthesis.

Back 47

process that converts carbon dioxide into organic compounds, especially sugars, using the energy from sunlight. occurs in plants, algae, and many species of bacteria

Front 48

Population Density

Back 48

Number of individuals per unit of area

Front 49

Polysaccharide

Back 49

Large sugar macromolecule formed from monosaccharides

Hint 49

Poly=Many!

Front 50

Predation

Back 50

Interaction in which one organism captures and feeds on another organism

Front 51

Predator-Prey Relationship

Back 51

Symbiotic relationship in which a predator of a different population feeds off of another population,

Front 52

Prokaryote

Back 52

Unicellular organism, lacking a nucleus

Front 53

Product

Back 53

Element or compound produced by chemical reaction.

Front 54

Protein

Back 54

Macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen,needed for growth and repair, and to make enzymes.

Front 55

Protist.

Back 55

Any organism that is not a plant, animal, or fungi.

Front 56

RNA

Back 56

Single stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose.

Front 57

Ribosome

Back 57

Small particle in the cell in which proteins are assembled, made up of RNA and Protein.

Front 58

Vacuole

Back 58

Cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, ans carbohydrates.