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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Coavervates |
Small cell-like droplet. |
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Cytokinesis |
The splitting of the cytoplasm. |
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Polar bodies |
Small cells produced and discarded during each of the 2 meiotic divisions that yield the haploid egg. |
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Zygote |
Fertilized egg. (2n) |
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Centromere. |
"Chemical button" where the sister chromatids are held together. |
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G1 phase |
Cell growth & organelles appear. |
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S phase |
Everything duplicates. |
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G2 phase |
Cell gets bigger and prepares for division. |
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Centrioles |
Part of the centrosomes. |
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Prophase |
Chromosomes form with centrosomes and spindle fibers; nucleus disappears. |
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Metaphase |
Chromosomes are aligned in the center by kinetochore fibers. |
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Anaphase |
Chromosomes are pulled apart. |
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Telophase |
Cell splits apart either by cleavage furrows or cell plates. |
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Test Cross |
crossing a homozygous recessive individual with an individual with an unknown genotype. |
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Law of segregation |
Factors are separated during the formation of gametes. |
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Non-disjunction |
When homologous chromosomes/chromatids fail to separate. |
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Example of a sex-linked trait. |
Hemophilia |
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Example of a sex-influenced trait. |
Baldness |
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Point mutation |
When a nucleotide is added or deleted from a sequence. |
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How can you tell if someone has down's syndrom by looking at their karyotype? |
They have 3 #21 chromosomes.
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Divergent evolution |
When a species that is related become more and more dissimilar. |
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Convergent evolution |
When things look alike, but are not related |
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Wallace |
Had the same theory as Darwin. |
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Lamark |
Thought acquired traits were passed on |
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Lyell |
Had a book that influenced Darwin |
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Vestigal organs |
Organs that are unnecessary |
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Co-evolution |
When two close species become similar. |
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Adaptive radiation |
Special evolve from one |
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Darwin's theory |
1. Variations 2. Resources 3. Competition 4. Survival 5. Reproduction |
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Chemosynthesis |
The first process used by autotrophs |
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First cell on Earth |
Prokayotic anaerobic heterotroph |
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Pasteur |
Swan neck flasks |
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Spallanzani |
Boiled & sealed broth |
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Redi |
Netted jars |
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Miller and Urey |
Tested Oparin's hypothesis |
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Oparin |
Scientist that said that certain chemicals mixed with electricity could create organic molecules |
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First gases on Earth |
Methane, water vapor, hydrogen, ammonia |
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Age of Earth |
4.6 billion years |
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Single allele trait |
Curling tongue |
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Multiple allele trait |
Blood type |
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Polygenic trait |
Hair color |
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Nondisjunction |
Kleinfelter's |
