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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cellular respiration
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The process by which cells obtain energy from carbs; atmospheric oxygen combines with glucose to form water and carbon dioxide
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Pyruvic acid
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The 3 carbon compound that is produced during glycolysis and needed for both aerobic and anaerobic pathways of cellular respiration that follow glycolysis
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NADH
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Reduced form of NAD+; an electron carrying molecule that functions in cellular respiration
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Anaerobic
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Describes a process that doesn't require oxygen
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Aerobic respiration
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The process in which pyruvic acid is broken down and NADH is used to make a large amount of ATP; the pert of respiration that is carried out in the presence of oxgen
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Glycolysis
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The anaerobic breakdown of glucose to pyruvic acid, which makes a small amount of energy available to cells in the form of ATP
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NAD+
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An organic molecule that serves as an electron carrier by being oxidized to NAD+ and reduced to NADH
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Fermentation
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The breakdown of carbs by enzymes, bacteria, yeasts, or mold in the absence of oxygen
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Lactic acid fermentation
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The chemical breakdown of carbs that produce lactic acid as the main end product
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Alcoholic fermentation
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Anaerobic process by which yeasts and other microorganisms break down sugars to form carbon dioxide and ethanol
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Kilocalorie
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A unit of energy equal to 100 calories
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Mitochondrial matrix
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The fluid that is inside the inner membrane of mitochondrion
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Acetyl CoA
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A compound that is synthesized by cells and that plays a major role in metabolism
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Kerbs cycle
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A series of biochemical reactions that converts pyruvic acid into carbon dioxide and water; major pathway of oxidation in animals, bacteria, and plant cells and it releases energy
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Oxaloacetic acid
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A 4 carbon compound of the Krebs cycle that combines with acetyl CoA to form citric acid
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Citric acid
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A 6 carbon compound formed in the Krebs cycle
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FAD
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A compound that acts as a hydrogen acceptor in dehydration reactions
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