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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Single celled organism lacking a nucleus.
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Prokaryote
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Rod-Shaped prokaryote.
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Bacillus
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Spherical Prokaryote.
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Coccus
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Spiral or Cockscrew- shaped prokaryote.
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Spirillum
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Organism that must take in organic molecules for both energy and carbon.
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Chemoheterotroph
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Organism that is photosynthetic but needs organic compounds as a carbon source.
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Photoheterotroph
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Organism that uses energy from sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water to carbon compounds.
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Photoautotroph
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Organism that makes organic carbon molecules from carbon dioxide using energy from chemical reactions.
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Chemoautotroph
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Organisms that require a constant supply of oxygen in order to live.
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Obligate Aerobe
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Organism that cannot live in the presence of oxygen.
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Obligate Anaerobe
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Organism that can survive with or without oxygen.
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Facultative Anaerobe
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Type of asexual reproduction in which an organism replicates its DNA and divides in half, producing two identical daughter cells.
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Binary Fission
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form of sexual reproduction in which paramecia and some prokaryotes exchange genetic information.
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Conjugation
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Type of spore formed when a bacterium produces a thick internal wall that encloses its DNA and a portion of its cytoplasm.
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Endospore
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Process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia.
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Nitrogen Fixation
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Particle made up of nucleic acid, protein, and in some cases lipids that can replicate only by infecting living cells.
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Virus
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Outer protein coat of a virus.
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Capsid
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Virus that infects bacteria.
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bacteriophage
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Process in which a virus enters a cell, makes a copy of itself, and causes the cell to burst.
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Lytic Infection
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Process by which a virus embeds its DNA into the DNA of the host cell and is replicated along with the host cell's DNA.
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Lysogenic Infection
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The viral DNA that is embedded in the host cell's DNA.
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Prophage
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Virus that contains RNA as its genetic information.
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Retrovirus
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Disease causing agent.
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Pathogen
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Preparation of weakened or killed pathogens.
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Vaccine
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Protein that helps destroy pathogens.
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Antibiotic
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single-stranded RNA molecule that has no surrounded capsids.
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Viroid
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Infectious particle made up of protein rather than RNA or DNA.
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Prion
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