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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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the material that makes up both mitotic and interphase chromosomes
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chromatin
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random seperation of homologous chromosomes
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interdependent assortment
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a haploid reproduction cell that unites with another haploid cell to form a zygote
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gamete
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the division of the cytoplasm of the cell
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cytokinesis
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on of the microtubules that extend across a dividing eukaryotic cell; assists in the movement of chromosomes
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spindle fiber
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production of sperm cells
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spermatogenesis
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a form of asexual reproduction in single-celled organisms by which one cell divides into two cells of the same size
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binary fission
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portions of chromatids break off and attach to adjacent chromatids on the homologous chromosomes
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crossing over
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chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, same structure, and pair during meiosis
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homologous chromosomes
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a cell that contains two haploid sets of chromosomes
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diploid
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the pairing of homologous chromosomes
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synapsis
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the region of the chromosome where the chromatids attach
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centromere
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in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein
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chromosome
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a type of protein molecule found in the chromosomes of eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells
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histone
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other three products of meiosis
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polar bodies
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second phase of meiosis, chromosomes line up at center of cell
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metaphase
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reproduction that does not involve the union of gametes and in which a single parent produces offspring that are genetically identical to the parent
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asexual reproduction
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the first stage of mitosis and meiosis; condensation of chromosomes
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prophase
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any chromosome that is not a sex chromosome
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autosome
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a new mixture of genetic material is created
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genetic recombination
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pair of homologous chromosomes
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tetrad
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time between cell divisions
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interphase
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chromatids of each chromosome seperate centromere and slowly move towards opposite poles
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anaphase
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chromosomes reach opposite ends of the cell, spindle fibers disassembled
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telophase
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asexual reproduction
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mitosis
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a micrograph of the array of chromosomes visible in teh cell during metaphase; a graphical display that shows an individuals chromosomes arranged in homologous pairs and in order of diminishing size
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karyotype
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production of mature egg cells
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oogenesis
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one of the pair of chromosomes that determine the sex of the organism
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sex chromosome
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vesicles from the golgi apparatus join together at the midline of the dividing cell
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cell plate
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one of the two strands of a chromosome that become visible during meiosis or mitosis
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chromatid
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production of haploid gametes
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meiosis
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describes a cell, nucleus, or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes
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haploid
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