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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the Function of the Digestive System?
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Prepares food so that it can be used by cells
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What is Ingestion?
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To take in food
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What is digestion?
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To break down the food
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What is absorption?
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To absorb the food into the body(cells)
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What is Igestion?
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Eliminating undigested materials from body
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What is Mechanical Digestion?
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teeth to break apart food into smaller pieces
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What is Chemical Digestion?
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Changing the structure of the food using enzymes. Ex- starch–>sugar
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What does saliva contain?
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Water, mucin, and amylase
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What does the Esophagus do?
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Moves food down
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What is Mechanical Digestion?
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teeth to break apart food into smaller pieces
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What are Peristalsis?
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Muscular contractions that move the food down the Esophagus
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What is the Epiglottis?
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Flap of skin that covers the oping to the windpipe and Prevents food from going down the wrong way.
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What does saliva contain?
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Water, mucin, and amylase
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What is the stomach and what does it do?
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It’s a muscular pouch with mucus lining that uses acid (chemical) to break down food and it also churns the food (mechanical).
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What is Gastric juice?
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Water, hydrochloric acid, and pepsin
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What is pepsin?
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An enzyme that breaks down proteins into peptides
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What is chyme?
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End products (feces)
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How long is the small intestine?
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6 meters (18 feet)
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Where do the first digestive juices come in from?
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The liver and pancreas
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What does the Pancreas Secrete?
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Typsin, Amylase, and Lipase
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What does typsin do?
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Breaks down protein
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What does Lipase do?
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Breaks down fat (lipids)
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What does liver produce and what does it do?
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It produces bile which breaks down big fats to little fats (mechanically)
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What is vili?
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Projections in the lining of the small intestine that absorbs digested good
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What is the Large intestine?
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A.k.a. colon, muscular tube that moves undigested good.
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Name nutrients.
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Carbohydrates, fats, proteins, minerals, vitamins, and water
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What are the 5 main food groups?
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Fruits, Vegetables, Grains, Milk, and Meats
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Describe Fats.
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provide insolation, energy, build structures, and protection. Found in meats, nuts, dairy products, cooking oils. Unsaturated fats-“good fats” easier to break down. Saturated fats-“bad fats” harder to break down, cause high cholesterol.
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Describe proteins.
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Multi-purpose building materials. Good for enzymes, antibodies, muscles. Found in meats, dried beans, whole grains, eggs, dairy products. Last resort energy source.
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Describe Minerals.
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Nutrients that are inorganic substances(your body can’t make these by itself). Building materials and present in chemical reactions. Ex- calcium, iron, sodium.
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Describe Vitamins
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Organic nutrient. Helps growth and metabolism. Ex- A, B, C, D, K
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Describe water.
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Most abundant substance in the body. Used in chemical reactions, digestion, and allows nutrients to enter cells. It also regulates body temperature.
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