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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Explain the Phylogenetic relationship between the domains Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya.
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Members of the Archaea comprise one of the three principal domains of living organisms in the universal phylogenetic tree of life. The other two principal domains are the Bacteria and the Eukarya. The phylogenetic tree is a theoretical representation of all living things, constructed on the basis of comparative ribosomal RNA sequencing and reflecting evolutionary relationships rather than structural similarities.
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Describe the methods used to classify bacteria.
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RNA and DNA, 1 strand or 2 strands of nuclear acids
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Distinguish between gram (+) and gram (-) bacteria.
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Gram (+) retains the gram stain and are purple / Gram (-) don't retain the stain and are pink.
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Describe a cyanobacteria and the important role they played in the formtion of the earth's atmosphere
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They are blue-green alge and they make oxegyn in the air using photosynthsis
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Describe the basic structure of a bacterial cell
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Cell Wall --> Outer membrain --> cell membrain --> cytoplasm --> chromosome --> plasmid --> capsule --> slime layer
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Describe ways that baccteria can cause diseases in humans
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They produce toxins that are poisones that get into the body
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Explain how bacteria have become resistant to antibiotics and the consequences of this occurence
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The survive the first does of the antibiotic & produce clones that are resistant to the antibiotic
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List three ways that bacteria are helpful to humans
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Cottage Cheese and other food products --> Digest Sewage --> Breakdown dead animal
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Describe the stucture and classification of viruses
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Capsid and enevolope and they group them by the capside structure.
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Identify the range of shapes and sizes among viruses
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The poliovinus is 20nm and small pox is 250nm and shapes include - helical and iscosahedral
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Compare and contrast a virus, a prion, and a viroid
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A prion is a clump of protein inside a cell; a viroid is the smallest particle able to replicate; virus is more complex than a viroid
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Diagram and compare and contrast the lytic and lysogenic viral cycles
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Lytic cycle is the short cycle that kills the cells fast --> lysogenic viral cycle it kills the cells slowly
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Name and describe several common viral diseases
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AID / HIV --> Supresses the auto-imune system.
Small pox --> Fever, headache, backache and skin rash. |
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Explain the role of protozoa may play in an aquatic ecosystem
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Bottom of the food chain
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Explain how vaccine works and discuss other forms of viral-disease prevention
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Vaccines make your body imune to the disease by exposing you to a similar but less fatal disease
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Define and give two examples of emerging viruses
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Emerging viruses are viruses that exisit in isolated habitats, but infect humans when these habitats are developed.
Ebola --> AIDS |
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Describe the characterists of protozoa
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Food Vauole --> chambers containing digestive enzymes.
Cilium --> movement. Flagellum --> movment. Pseudopodium --> movement. Eyespot --> for detecting changes in light. |
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List and describe the human importance of several common protozoaans
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Plasodium --> causes Malaria; Toxoplasma gondii --> causes problems with developing fetus
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Compare algae with other types of protists
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Algae are autorophic protists, they have chloraplasts and produce their own carbohysrates by photosynthesis.
Protists are hetrotropic, and don't have chloroplasts and don't use photosynthesis. |
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Compare algae with plants
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Plants / Algae --> are autotrophic, have chloroplasts and get carbohdrates from photosynthesis
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Explain the classification and evolution of protozoa
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They are classified into 4 phylia; Sarcodia, Ciliophora, Zoomastigina, Sporozoa
Many scientists believe that protozoa evolved from prokaryotes about 1.5 billion years ago. |
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Describe the body structure of algae
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Body --> thallus, usually haploid
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Explain the classification and evolution of algae
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Seven phyla base on their color, type of chlorophyll, form of food-storage su stance, and cell wall composition
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Explain how much you love your mother for typing these answers into to this flash card program?
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--> More than any other person on the planet!!!!
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List and describe the human importance of several common algae
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Red algae -->some types of cheese, cosmetics & geltine capsuals.
Diatoms --> produce oxegen Golden algae --> important in the formation of petroleum |
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Describe the origin and evolution of fungus
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First fungi were unicellular formed after mitosis - colonized dry land at about the same time that early plants did.
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Compare fungi with algae, animals and plants
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Fungi / Algae --> Fungi is both asexual and sexual while Algae is asexual; they are both eukaryotic
Fungi / Animals --> both hetrotrophic, both are sexual, both eukaryotes Fungi / Plants --> both sexual, both eukaryotes, plants are autotrophic while Fungi is hetrotophic |
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Describe how fungi obtain nutrients
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Fungi get their nutrients from decaying organisms
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List the three major groups of fungi
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Zygomyctoa --> terrestrial organisims found priarily in soil that it rich in organic matter.
Basidiomycota --> club fungi, produce small clublike reporductive structes called badidia during sexual reporduction. Ascomycota --> presence of saclike compartments where sexually produced spores form... called sac fungi |
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Explain the ecological imporatnace of micrrhizae and lichens
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Micrrhizae --> is a relationship between an algae and a fungus
Lichens --> relationship between a plant and a fungus |
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Describe the (+) and (-) impact fungi have on humans
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Negatives:
Athlete's foot --> fluid-filled blisters, scaly skin, itching Ringworm --> ring-shaped skin lesions Positives: Cheses, beer, wine, soy products, nutritional yeat, bread, penicillium species = penicillin |
