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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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All Bacteria have ____ cells, microscopic
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prokaryotic
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Bacteria can be ______ or Autotrophic
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hetertrophic
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Archaebacteria live in harsh climates like high ______, _______, _______, methane gas
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temperatures, salt concentration, high acidic, methane gas
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Archaebacteria lack __________, a protein carbohydrate found in Eubacteria cell walls.
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peptidoglycan
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obligate anarobe
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cannot live without the presence of oxygen
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facultative anarobe
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can live with or without oxygen
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obligate aerobe
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must have oxygen to survive
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What is the structure or bacteria cells?
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No nucleus, just one circular chromosome, has small ribosomes
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Spherical shape
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Coccus
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Sprials
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Sprillus
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Diplo
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in pairs
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Staphlo
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in clusters
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Strepto
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in chains
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Gram -
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have very little peptidoglycan and appear pink
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Gram +
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have a simpler structure and more peptidoglycan in their cell walls, appear purple
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Binary Fission
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cell divides into 2 identical cells
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Recombination
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exchanging or adding DNA w/o reproduction
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3 Types of Recombination
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conjugation, transfiguration, transduction
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Conjugation
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transfer all or part of their chromosome by way of pili with another bacterial cell BEFORE binary fission
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Transfiguration
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taking in DNA from the outside environment
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Transduction
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when a virus copies part of the bacterial DNA and takes it to its next host
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Virus Classification
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RNA/DNA
Single or Double Stranded Shape of the Capsid Presence or absence of an envelope |
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Virus
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a nonliving, infectious particle composed of a nucleic acid and a protein coat
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Bacteriophage
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a virus infects a bacteria
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Virulent
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causes disease quickly after infection
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Viral Reproduction
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in which a virus invades a host cell, produces new viruses, destroys a host cell releasing virus
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Steps in the Lytic Cycle
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Absorption
Entry Replication Assembly Release |
A, E, R, A, R
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Temperate Virus
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virus infects cell without causing its host cells immediate destruction
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Viral Diseases (examples)
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smallpox, meningitis, West Nile Virus
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Retrovirus
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a virus that conatins single stranded RNA and produces a reverse transcriptase, which converts RNA to DNA
ex. HIV |
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Vector
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a host that transfers a virus from one organism to another
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How is HIV transmitted?
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1. HIV attaches to receptors on the cell surface
2. Capsid is releases into the host cell 3 & 4. The viral RNA is copied into double-stranded DNA 5. The viral DNA inserts into the host cell's DNA 6. Viral proteins are made. 7. HIV particles assemble. 8. Newly made HIV particles pinch off from the cell membrane. |
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What kind of cells does HIV attack?
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immune system cells
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