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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is the ph of human blood? |
7.4 |
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Synthesis reactions |
Two or more atoms or molecules bond together forming a more complex product |
NaCl |
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Decomposition |
Larger molecules are broken into smaller ones by breaking chemical bonds |
Cannibalism , taking bites to make smaller |
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Anabolism |
Metabolic reaction- using larger molecules are synthesized from smaller ones |
LEGO- building up |
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What is the pH scale |
Concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) |
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pH scale |
0-14 7 is neutral 0- less than 7 is acidic 7- 14 is basic or alkaline |
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What is a buffer |
Chemicals that combine with excess acids or bases to minimize pH charges |
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What is an inorganic compound |
Does not contain carbon; dissolve in water and release ions, making them electrolytes |
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What are the 3 main inorganic compounds |
Water Salt Oxygen |
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Water as an inorganic compounds |
Most biochemical reactions occur here, helps regulate body temp and transports chemicals |
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Oxygen as an inorganic |
Needed to release energy from nutrients and is used to drive the cells metabolism |
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Salts as inorganic compounds |
Consisting of oppositely charged ions |
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Properties of water |
Water can form hydrogen bonds |
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Sources of water intake |
Beverages- 60% Moist food - 30% Metabolism- 10% |
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Sources of water output |
Sweat- 6% Feces - 6% Skin and respiration - 28% Urine- 60% |
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A substance that releases hydrogen ions in water is a base |
False |
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This kind of reaction occurs when a large molecule, such as starch is broken down into smaller ones such as glucose |
Decomposition, catabolism |
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Oven cleaner, which has a pH of 14, is ____ and contains _____ OH- than a neutral solution |
Basic, more |
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What is the function of a buffer |
Maintain steady pH |
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The structure of a protein comes from the further bending and folding of pleated sheets and helices |
Tertiary |
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The building blocks of carbohydrate mole are |
Monosaccharides |
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This mechanism is the main regulator of water intake |
Thirst |
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What is a diuretic |
A substance that causes increase urine production |
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What is the smallest source of water loss from the body |
Feces |
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What is anabolism |
The build up of larger molecules from smaller ones, requiring energy |
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What constitutes metabolism ? |
Anabolism and catabolism |
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How does the endocrine system communicate with target cells |
Chemical messengers secreted into the bloodstream |
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Are hormones constantly secreted? |
No false |
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What hormone is released in response to low blood calcium levels ? |
PTH , parathyroid hormone |
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The releasing and inhibiting hormones are produced by this? |
Hypothalamus to control anterior pituitary |
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What is the primary effect of T3 and T4 |
To increase metabolism |
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What does aldosterone do. |
Increases sodium concentration in the blood |
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What regulates the secretion of a hormone from an endocrine tissue? |
Other hormones, non-hormone substances in the blood and the nervous system |
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The thymus gland secretes a hormone that is involved in this .. |
Maturation of T lymphocytes |
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Is a steroid a lipid or a nucleic acid ? |
Lipid |
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Fatty acids with all single carbon- carbon bond are? |
Saturated fatty acids |
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One or more double bonds between carbon atoms are called ? |
Unsaturated fatty acids |
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Where is DNA located |
Nucleus |
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Where is RNA located |
In the cytoplasm |
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Deoxyribose = RNA |
False |
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RNA has ribose? |
True |
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Is DNA double or single stranded ? |
Double |
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Is RNA single or double stranded ? |
Single |
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What is the function of DNA ? |
Contains information for protein synthesis |
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What is the function of RNA ? |
mRNA carries information to the cytoplasm and acts as the template for synthesis of protein molecules |
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Product of dehydration synthesis ? |
Anabolism |
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What is dehydration synthesis? |
Joining two molecules or compounds together after the removal of water |
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A molecule of water is removed to join two smaller.. |
Dehydration synthesis |
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Anabolism provides... |
The biochemicals for growth and repair |
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What is a combination reaction? |
Two or more atoms or molecules bond together to form something more complex |
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A+B =AB is... |
Synthesis or combination reaction |
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Product of hydrolysis ? |
Catabolism |
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Hydrolysis is breaking apart larger molecules into bigger ones by adding water? |
Yea technically , water molecule is split and added into a larger molecule to break its bonds into smaller ones |
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The opposite of dehydration synthesis |
Hydrolysis |
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What gland secretes hormones in the hypothalamus ? |
Posterior pituitary |
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Which gland produces hormones in the hypothalamus ? |
Anterior pituitary gland |
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What connects the pituitary gland to the hypothalamus? |
Infundibulum or stalk |
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