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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Fermemntation
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the anaerobic breakdown of sugar into smaller molecules
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Sporophore
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A sporophore is an aerial hypha that makes spores
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Mycelium
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the section of fungus that does extracellular digestion and absorption of the digested food
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Hypha
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A filiment of fungal cells
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Chitin
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A chemical that is though and flexible
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Extracellular Digestion
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Digestion that occurs outside the cell
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Soredium
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A dust-like substance that contains alae and fungus spores.
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Haustoria
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a hypha of parasitic fungus that absorbs nutrients from the cytoplasm of a host's cells
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Antibiotic
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a chemical secreted by a live organism that kills or reduces the reproduction rate of another organism
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Alternate host
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Parasitic fungi use these to survive extreme envioments (winter, for example) by forming another find of spore and resting on these alternate hosts.
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Budding
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Budding occurs when a yeast cell's nucleus reproduces inside one cell. It swells until it pops out from the parents cell and becomes its own cell. This is asexual reproduction.
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Slime molds
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The members of phylum Myxomycotaare slime molds. Most are saprophytic, although a few are parasitic. They generally do not harm their natural surroundings as they feed on bacteria. They need moisture to survive.
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history of penicillin
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Discovered in 1928 by Alexander Fleming (an English physician), penicillin is a very useful fungus. He accidentially left a bacteria culture open. When he came back, a blue mold had grown. He saw that the mold killed bacteria. He and two others discovered it could be used for human bacteria and thus the first antibiotic was discovered.
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Lichen
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Produced by a mutualistic reltionship between a fungus and an algae. They grow in many places, and because of their mutualistic reltionship, they can survive where other organisms can't.
Fungus - protects Algae - provides food by photosynthesis They reproduce by soredium. |
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Plasmodium (slime molds)
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A few are parasitic, but most are saphrophitic.
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chytrids
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- Most are saphrophitic, some are parasitic.
- Parasitci example: synchytrium endobioticum. - Causes potato wart. |
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Rusts
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- Typically grow on living plants
- Make crops virtually useless - ridding it of its alternate host gets rid of the problem |
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Smuts
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- Also feed on crops, make them virtually useless
- Research has resulted in crops that are not immune, but less likely to be ruined by fungi. |
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Shelf Fungi
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- Live on dead wood or trees
- Parasitic only on trees (not dead wood) |