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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Describe the circulatory system |
It carries things throughout the human body. It carries food and air to every cell in the body. |
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Describe how blood moves |
The blood carries food and oxygen in one direction. It takes food, cell waste, and carbon dioxide in another direction. |
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what are the 3 important parts of the blood? |
vessels, veins, and arteries |
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Describe blood |
the liquid part of blood is called plasma. It has solid parts called red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. |
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why is the circulatory system called "the circulatory system"? |
blood goes in a circle that starts in the pumping heart, moves through the whole body and comes back to the heart again. |
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why is the tooth considered a living organism? |
contains blood vessels and nerves |
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what do capillaries do? |
bring oxygen and nutrients to the cells |
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Describe differences between the arteries and veins |
Arteries- thicker outer wall, carries blood away from the heart to the tissues Vein- thin outer wall, carries blood from the tissues to the heart |
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what do valves do? |
prevents blood from flowing back from ventricle to atrium during contraction |
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what does the coronary system do? |
brings nutrients/oxygen to heart muscles |
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importance of capillaries in villi? |
nutrients are absorbed |
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Explain respiration |
Set of chemical reactions that break down nutrient molecules in living cells to release energy -most common energy used in cells is ATP |
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Explain Aerobic Respiration |
Releases energy in the presence of oxygen Glucose plus oxygen equals carbon dioxide plus water Process takes place in mitochondria |
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Explain anaerobic respiration |
process where muscles release energy from food without using oxygen Glucose yields energy plus lactic acid |
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what is lactic acid |
-poisonous -inhibits muscular contraction -leads to fatigue -death |
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Which parts of the respiration system are not made out of cartilage? |
lungs and alveoli |
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Why is the left heart smaller than the right heart? |
a much greater pressure is needed to force blood out to the extremities of the body than is needed to drive blood to the lungs |
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what is haemoglobin? |
present in red blood cells. Carries oxygen. |
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describe the exterior of the heart |
vessels- coronary arteries (red) coronary veins (blue) |
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describe the coronary arteries |
heart muscles has its own blood supply, delivered to capillary beds in the walls of the heart through this |
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where are the coronary arteries located? |
they are branched off from the aorta |
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what is peristalsis |
wave of muscular contraction that moves food along the gut |
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circulatory system order |
1. blood enters the heart through the vena cava 2.blood enters the right atrium 3. blood centers the right ventricle 4. blood travels through pulmonary artery to the lungs 5. blood travels through the pulmonary vein from the lungs 7. blood enters the left atrium 8. blood enters the left ventricle 9. blood flows out to the aorta |
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What happens to the diaphragm when you breathe in? |
the curved diaphragm goes flat (active movement) |
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what happens to the diaphragm when you breathe out? |
the flat diaphragm goes curved (passive movement) |
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what is ventilation? |
breathing in and out |
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where in the digestive system can you find enzymes? |
mouth- amylase stomach-pepsin |
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explain the differences between ventilation, gas exchange, and respiration |
gas exhange- passage of oxygen and carbon dioxide in opposite directions across the alveolocapillary membrane
respiration- Set of chemical reactions that break down nutrient molecules in living cells to release energy (mostly ATP). Takes place in the mitochondira. ventilation- the exchange of air between lungs and outside air |
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Where does oxygen from breathing and food particles meet and name that process |
we breathe to get oxygen and eat food to get the energy we need. We use oxygen and food to make energy. glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water (+ energy) This process is called respiration. It takes place in the mitochondria |
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where can you find the villi and what is its function? |
villi can be found in the small intestine. It makes the surface of the small intestine bigger, to make digestion easier. It has capillaries inside where nutrients are absorbed. Nutrients then goes into the blood. |
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where in the circulatory system is there high pressure, and why? |
left ventricle, it needs high pressure to pump oxygenated blood to the whole body. |
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compare the structure of veins and arteries |
arteries- contains oxygenate blood except pulmonary arteries, has high blood pressure so the walls of the arteries are thick veins- contains deoxygenated blood except pulmonary veins, has low blood pressure so the walls of the veins are thin |
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explain the function of the diaphragm and how it helps us to breathe |
it helps move the lung, and helps us to breathe in and out. When it moves up and down, it helps the entire lung to go up and down, to get oxygen and move out CO2. |
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Where does respiration take place? |
It takes place in the mitochondria |
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where is bile formed, and what is its function? |
It is formed in the liver, and is stored in the gallbladder. It contains bile to help digest fat. |
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pacemaker |
it is in the right atrium, it controls the heart beat
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How is the circulatory system and respiratory system connected? |
The circulatory system and respiratory system work closely together within the body. Oxygen, which is an essential part of the metabolic process of nearly all cells, is gathered through the circulatory system. They work together to eliminate carbon dioxide. In humans, these two systems are connected in the lungs, where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs.
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explain function of coronary veins |
blood returns to the circulation through coronary veins which pour blood into the vena cava. |
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in which parts of digestive system take place/with help of enzymes |
mouth- amylase (starch) stomach- pepsin (protein) small intestine- majority of the nutrients from ingested food are absorbed |
