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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is used to calculate the total magnification of a microscope?
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Eyepiece times the objective
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Compare and contrast exocytosis and endocytosis:
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Similar: Bulk transport, Molecules are in a sac; vessicle, Contrast: One is moving things out, the other is moving things in
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What are the points of the cell theory?
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All things are made of cells, are cells are made from other cells, cells are the basic unit of structure
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Cells function best with a high surface area to volume ratio (lots of surface with less volume). Why is that?
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The more surface area the more chemical activity and better transport
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Define prokaryote and eukaryote:
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Pro: they lack a nucleus and membrane bound organelles, (Kingdoms: bacteria), Eu: Nucleus and membrane bound organelles, (Kingdoms Fungus, Protist, Plant and Animal)
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Arrange the following in decreasing hierarchy: cell, tissue, molecule, organ, organism
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Organism, organ, tissue, cell, molecules
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Centriole
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Star shaped structure involved in cell division of animal cells
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Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
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Embedded with ribosomes. Surface for chemical activity, carries and transports materials throughout the cell
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Cytoplasm
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Jelly-like substance within the cell
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Lysosome
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Digestion center in cell
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Nucleolus
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Spherical body within nucleus where ribosomes are made
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Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
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Surface for chemical activity, carries and transports materials throughout the cell (no ribosomes)
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Flagellum
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Whip-like structure for locomotion
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Cell Wall
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Shapes and supports a plant cell and made of cellulose
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Vacuole
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Contains water and dissolved minerals
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Mitochondria
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Site of cellular respiration where ATP is made
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Cilia
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Hair like structures for locomotion
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Chloroplast
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Site of photosynthesis where glucose is made in plants
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Nuclear Envelope (Membrane)
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Layer of two membranes that surrounds the nucleus of a cell
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Cell Membrane
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Lipid bilayer with proteins that separates the cell from its surroundings and controls entry into and out of the cell
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Nucleus
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Contains DNA. Chromosomes are found here
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Golgi Body (Apparatus)
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Packages what is made in the endoplasmic reticulum. Stores and releases chemicals
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Ribosomes
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Site of RNA translation where proteins are made
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Which of the organelles is the smallest?
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Ribosomes
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Simple Diffusion
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Small, non-polar molecules, and gases *Molecules are moving down the concentration gradient, moving from a high concentrated area, to a low concentration*
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Active transportation
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Uses a protein channel, but requires ATP, chemical energy, to accomplish what it’s going to do, (like a revolving door) moves molecules up the concentration gradient, moves molecules from a low concentration, to a high concentration
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Facilitated diffusion
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Requires a protein channel, (like a tunnel) *Molecules are moving down the concentration gradient, moving from a high concentrated area, to a low concentration*
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Osmosis
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Movement of water
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