Biology Test 3 Vocabulary

Front 1

starch

Back 1

a complex carbohydrate that serves as the major form of carbohydrate storage in plants. Starches--found in in such forms as potatoes, rice, carrots, and corn-- are important sources of food for animals.

Front 2

carbohydrate

Back 2

a class of biological molecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen, usually with twice as much hydrogen as oxygen. Carbohydrates are composed of monosaccharide (simple sugar) building blocks. Starch, cellulose, sucrose, and chitin are carbohydrates

Front 3

hydrolysis

Back 3

the splitting of bonds in a molecule by reaction with water

Front 4

adhesion

Back 4

attracted to other things, stick to other things

Front 5

cohesion

Back 5

stick to itself, attracted to itself

Front 6

chitin

Back 6

a complex carbohydrate that gives shape and structure to the external skeleton of arthropods, including insects, spiders, and crustaceans

Front 7

monomer

Back 7

small molecules that are building blocks for larger molecules, known as polymers.

Front 8

polymer

Back 8

large compound made up of many repeating molecular units called monomers

Front 9

lipid

Back 9

a type of biological molecule made up of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen; lipids have much more hydrogen relative to oxygen than do the other carbohydrates. Pure lipids are not readily broked down in water. Oils, fats, cholesterol, and some hormones are lipids

Front 10

cellulose

Back 10

a complex carbohydrate that is the largest single component of plant cell walls. Cellulose is dense and rigid and provides structure for much of the natural world. Mammals cannot digest cellulose, so it serves as insoluble dietary fiber that helps move food through the digestive tract.