Biology Test 3

Front 1

Gregor Mendel

Back 1

First to comprehend basic principles of genetics

looked at seed characteristics in several generations of pee plants to create defining traits as either dominant or recessive

Front 2

Phenotype

Back 2

Any expressed physiological feature, bodily characteristic or behavior of an organism.

Phenotypes are largely determined by an organisms genotype

Front 3

Allele

Back 3

Variation of a gene.

an organism receives one from his or her mother and another from his or her father.

These are referred to as Homologous Chromosomes

Front 4

Law of Segregation

Back 4

Alleles separate during gamete formation (meiosis) & randomly reunite again during fertilization.

An organism has two identical alleles of a gene for a given character is said to be Homozygous

An organism that has differing alleles for a character is said to be heterozygous

Dominance is expressed in the heterozygous Genotype

Recessive are not expressed in heterozygous condition

Front 5

Independent Assortment

Back 5

Genes are passed on independently from one another

Front 6

Types of Genetics

Back 6

mendelian, incomplete dominance, codominance, xlinked

Front 7

Mendellian genetics

Back 7

dominant and recessive alleles - heterozygous expresses dominant allele

Front 8

Incomplete Dominance

Back 8

no recessive allele heterozygous mixed phenotype (red and white parents create pink offspring)

Front 9

Codominance

Back 9

multiple dot alleles, heterozygous express both dominant alleles independently (offspring expressed both white and red characteristics)

Front 10

X-linked

Back 10

genes are located on x Chromosome (offspring expresses characteristics/disease/conditions based off the the X Chromosome

Front 11

Recessive Genetic Conditions

Back 11

conditions will not exists if only 1 damaged allele is present. (Autosomal Recessive)