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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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-change in gene pool of population or species over time
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-microevolution
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-origin or rise of a new taxonomic group
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-macroevolution
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-evolution of one or more species from an ancestral form
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-speciation
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-group of individuals that regularly breed together and are generally distinct from others in appearance or behavior
-a group in which members have the greatest resemblance |
-species
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-process by which individuals with certain traits have greater survival and reproduction than individuals who lack these traits, resulting in an increase in the frequency of successful alleles and a decrease in the frequency of unsuccessful ones
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-natural selection
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-change in allele frequency that occurs as a result of chance
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-genetic drift
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-spread of an allele throughout a species' gene pool
-loss or gain of alleles as a result of immigration or emigration |
-gene flow
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-changes to DNA sequences that may result in the production of altered proteins
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-mutations
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-positive assortative mating in which certain individuals with certain traits are more likely to be chosen as mates
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-nonrandom mating
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-trait that is favored by natural selection and increases an individual's fitness in a particular environment
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-adaptation
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-speciation in the same geographic region
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-sympatric speciation
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-relative survival and reproduction of one variant compared to others in the same population
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-fitness
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-phenotypes at one extreme are selected against
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-directional selection
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-phenotypes near the mean of the population are most fit
-mean does not change |
-stabilizing selection
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-extreme phenotypes have higher fitness compared to intermediate
-reproductive isolation of extremes |
-diversifying/disruptive selection
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-recessive alleles have "protection" because they are hidden in heterozygotes
-more protection for rare alleles |
-heterozygote protection
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-in case of sickle cell anemia, heterozygote carrier survives and is resistant to malaria
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-heterosis/heterozygote advantage
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-members of one sex compete with one another for oppurtunity to mate with members of opposite sex
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-intrasexual selection
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-female choice
-females choose among males based upon some criterion |
-intersexual selection
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-modified with no, or relatively minor function compared to the function in other descendants of the same ancestor
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-vestigial structures
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-geographic separation of population of organisms from others of same species
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-allopatric speciation
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