Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
ATP |
adenosine triphophate: the main energy source that cells use for most of their work |
|
|
Photosynthesis |
Plants use the sun's energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into sugars |
|
|
pigment |
A colored chemical compound that absorbs light, producing color |
|
|
chlorophyll |
a green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plants, algae, and some bacteria |
|
|
thylakoid |
A flattened membrane sac inside the chloroplast, used to convert light energy to chemical energy |
|
|
stroma |
fluid inside chloroplasts |
|
|
NADPH |
an electron carrier that proivdes the high-energy electrons needed to make carbon-hydrogen bonds in the third stage of photosynthesis |
|
|
Calvin cycle |
reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugars |
|
|
Electron transport chain |
A sequence of electron carrier molecules (membrane proteins) that shuttle electrons during the redox reactions that release energy used to make ATP |
|
|
Light reactions |
First stage of photosynthesis. Named because it requires light to happen. Begins with the absorption of light in the chloroplasts. |
|
|
Dark reactions |
reactions of photosynthesis that do not require light but use energy produced and stored during light reactions to make glucose |
|
|
calorie |
amount of energy needed to raise temperature 1 Gram of water 1 degree Celsius. |
|
|
aerobic |
chemical reactions that require the presence of oxygen |
|
|
anaerobic |
describes a process that does NOT require oxygen |
|
|
glycolysis |
1 molecule of glucose broken in half, producing 2 molecules pyruvic acid, a 3-carbon bond |
|
|
Krebs Cycle |
second stage of cellular respiration, in which pyruvic acid is broken down into carbon dioxide in a series of energy-extracting reactions |
|
|
fermentation |
an energy-releasing process that does not require oxyen |
|
|
lactic acid |
produced in muscle cells from the reduction of pyruvate (under anaerobic conditions) to regenerate NAD+ so that glycolysis can continue. A rise in lactic acid usually accompanies an increase in physical activity. |
