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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Hypertonic |
Outside solutions has a high concentration of solutes compared to the level within the cell, to balance this out the cell will expand |
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Hypotonic |
The concentration in the cell is higher than the concentration of the solution outside it this causes the cel to shrivelprokarytoe |
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Prokaryote |
Does not have a nucleus and is single celled. The prokaryote is membrane bound small and Carrie DNA |
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Eukaryote |
Membrane bound nucleus and organelles, animals and plants can be single celled or multi-cellular |
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Requirements for survival: |
- light and chemical energy sources - matter - simple nutrients |
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What’s a lipid? |
Organic compounds that are fatty acids or their derivatives and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents. They include many natural oils, waxes, and steroids. |
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Function of a choroplast |
Conduct photosynthesis, where the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll captures the energy from sunlight, converts it, and stores it in the energy storage molecule ATP and NADPH while freeing O2 from water in plant ans algae cells. |
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Function of mitochondria |
Generate chemical energy, the convert chemical energy from food in the cell to energy in a form usable to the host cell...NADH is then used by enzymes embedded in the mitochondrial inner membrane to generate ATP (adenosine tri phosphate), stored in the form of chemical bonds |
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Nucleus |
Command center that stores DNA, controls cell activities, such as growth and metabolism and as previously stated DNA. With in the nucleus in a smaller structure called the nucleolus. This houses RNA (ribonucleic acid), RNA helps convey the DNAs orders tkt je rest of the cell and serves as a template for protein synthesis |
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Ribosomes |
Protein factories of the cell. Composed of two subunits, they can be found floating freely in the cells cytoplasm or embedded within the endoplasmic reticulum. Using the templates and instructions provided by two different types of RNA, ribosomes synthesise a variety of proteins essential to cell survival |
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Endoplasmic reticulum |
Membranous organelle that shares part of its membrane with that of the nucleus. Some portions of the ER, known as rough ER are studded with ribosomes and are involved with protein manufacture. The rest is called the smooth ER and provides vital lipids(fats) |
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Golgi Apparatus |
If proteins front eh rough ER require further modification, they are transported to the ghi apparatus (or golgi complex). Like the ER, the Golgi apparatus is composed of folded membranes. It searches the proteins amino acts sequences for specialised “codes” and modifies them accordingly. These processed proteins are then stored in the Golgi or packed in vesicles to be shipped elsewhere in the cell. |
