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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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In 1665 who used a microscope to examine pieces of cork and other plant structure?
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Robert Hooke
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In these plant cells what did Robert Hooke see and what did he name them?
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He saw tiny boxes and called them "cells"
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Who was the first to view living cells with a simple microscope?
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Leeuwenhoek
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What did Leeuwenhoek call the living cells?
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animacules
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Cell Theory was based upon much of the early research done by which two scientists?
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Leeuwenhoek and Hooke
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Can most cells be seen by the naked eye?
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No, most cells can only be seen by a microscope.
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Is the growth of a cell limited?
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Yes, because of surface area. (if volume is bigger than suface area, nutrients, oxygen, and other materials won't satisfy cell fast enough)
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Do cells come in all different shapes and sizes?
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Yes, they come in all different shapes and sizes which usually correlates to the function.
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Shape of Red Blood Cell.
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It is very small and squishy so that it can fit into thin veins.
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Shape of Nerve Cell.
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It has long "arms" b/c it needs to send messages quickly throughout the body.
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Shape of Muscle Cell.
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It is long so it can stretch and keep bones together.
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What are organelles?
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they are like miniature organ cells that perform specific functions.
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What is compartmentalization?
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It is how cells have different compartments
ex)like the different compartments in a backpack |
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Two main categories of cells.
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they are prokaryotes and eukaryotes
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What are the characteristics of a prokaryotes?
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-don't have a nucleus
-don't contain membrane-bound organelles -are bacteria |
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What are the characteristics of a eukaryotes?
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-have a nucleus
-have a lot of different types of organelles -any cell that is not a bacteria |
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What are the similarities of prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
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-both have ribosomes
-cell membrane -DNA |
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What does a cell membrane do?
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-acts as a barrier for cell
-lets only some material go through cell (is selectively permeable) -its made up of phospholipids |
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What do phospholipids have?
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they have hydrophilic heads and hydrophobic tails
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T or F
Many proteins are not embedded within the cell membrane for various reasons |
False; the proteins are embedded within the cell.
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What are peripheral proteins?
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they are proteins that lay close to the membrane but are not embedded within the membrane
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What are integral proteins?
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they are proteins that are enbedded within the membrane. they can move throught the membrane
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These proteins sometimes have a ___________ tail that serve as marker or name tag for other body cells to identify them.
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carbohydrate
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T or F
the proteins also serve as receptors for hormones or other chemical messengers. |
True
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Many intergral proteins also function to ________molecules
across the cell membrane that cannot move across on their own. |
transport; they transport molecules such as water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and lipids
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What are the three points to The Cell Theory?
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1. All living things are composed of one or more cells
2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and function in an organism 3. All cells come from pre-existing cells |
