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41 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Vocab:
Absolute Threshold |
Minimum amount of stimulus required half the time for the senses to function
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Vocab:
Adaptation Fatigue |
Tendency of all senses to decay over time and require a stronger stimulus to function
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Vocab:
Specific Senses |
Receptors are localized in one specific area of the body
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Vocab:
General Senses |
Receptors are dispersed through all parts of the body
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Classification:
Chemoreceptors |
Work by chemically bonding to the stimulus. Chemicals must be in Aqueous solution
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Classification:
Mechanoreceptors |
Work by physically deforming the receptor to create the action potential
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Classification:
Photoreceptors |
Respond to light
Don't Adapt Do have a refractory period |
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Classification:
Nociceptors |
Tissue damage
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Classification:
Propioceptors |
Stretching of tissue
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Classification:
Osmoreceptors |
Sense fluid pressure in the body
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Classification by position:
Exteroreceptors |
Receptor located on or close to the surface
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Classification by position:
Visceroreceptor |
Receptor located in an internal organ
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Classification by position:
Propioceptors |
Receptor located in a muscle, joint, tendon, etc.
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General Senses:
Pain |
Nociceptor - free nerve endings
Does Not Adapt |
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General Senses:
Temperature |
Thermoreceptor are specialized Nociceptors
118+ degrees F = burning pain 50- degress F = freezing pain |
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General Senses:
Discriminative Touch |
Merkel's Disk
Mechanoreceptor Adapt very quickly Many on hands/feet |
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General Senses:
Touch |
Krause's End Bulb
Adapt Quickly Located a bit deeper in skin tissue |
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General Senses:
Pressure |
Ruffini's Corpuscle
Adapt very slowly Located much further in skin |
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General Senses:
Spatial Orientation |
Propioceptors
Don't adapt |
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General Senses:
Blood Pressure |
Baroreceptors
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Anatomy of Ear:
Outer Ear |
Auricle/Pinna
External Auditory Canal Tympanic Membrane/Eardrum |
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Anatomy of Ear:
Middle Ear |
Malleus - Mallet
Incus - Anvil Stapes - Stirrup Inner Auditory Canal/Eustachian tube |
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Anatomy of Ear:
Inner Ear |
Cochlea
Vestibule Semi-circular Canals |
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Anatomy of Ear:
Cochlea |
Tube that's wrapped around a bone
Perilymph Oval Window - where stapes connects Round Window - opening covered by thin membrane Hair Cells connected to Organ of Corti Cochlear nerve |
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Anatomy of Ear:
Vestibule + Semicircular Canals |
Filled with perilymph
Hair cells line one side Vestibular Nerve |
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General Senses:
Auditory Senses |
Mechanoreceptors
Organ of Corti Doesn't adapt too rapidly |
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Pathways:
Pathway of Hearing |
Tympanic Membrane->
Malleus/Incus/Stapes-> Oval Window-> Organ of Corti-> Cochlear Nerve-> Vestibulocochlear Nerve-> Temporal Lobe |
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Pathways:
Equilibrium |
Vestibular Semicircular Canals->
Vestibular Nerve-> Vestibulocochlear nerve-> Pons-> Brain/Spinal Chord |
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General Senses:
Olfactory Sense |
Sense of smell
Chemoreceptor Chemical must dissolve in mucous ~350 different chemical receptors |
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General Senses:
Gustatory Sense |
Sense of taste
Chemoreceptor Chemical must dissolve in mucous Papillae - protrusions on tongue |
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Which parts contain tastebuds?
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Vallate
Fungiform Foliate |
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Which part senses texture?
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Filliform
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Types of flavors:
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Salty
Sweet Bitter Sour Umami |
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Pathways:
Taste |
Anterior 2/3 - Facial Nerve
Posterior 1/3 - Glossopharyngeal nerve Epiglottis/Pharynx - Vagus Nerve V Parietal Lobe |
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Anatomy:
Eyeball |
Fibrous Layer - Protection
Vascular Layer - Provides Blood Inner Layer - Photoreceptors Anterior Chamber Lens Capsule Posterior Chamber |
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Vocabulary:
Optic Disk |
Has no photoreceptors
"Blind spot" |
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Vocabulary:
Macula Lutea |
Dense population of cones
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Vocabulary:
Fovea Centralis |
Highest population of cones
Focusing point for day vision |
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Vocabulary:
Cones |
Capable of detecting color
Only function in very good light |
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Vocabulary:
Rods |
Capable of detecting black/white
Can function at higher range than cones Highest density is ring around macula |
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Key role of the Chairmen, Joint Chiefs?
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Military advisor to POTUS, NSC, and SECDEF
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