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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Cuvier
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brought about catastrophism
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Lyell
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found geologic evidence that the Earth is extremely ancient
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Malthus
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populations outgrow resources
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Miller
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first toobtain indirect evidence that organic molecules could have been formed on the early Earth
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Ediacarren
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peculiar organism shaped like a frond, disk, or blob, maybe what animals evolved from
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stromatolite
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fossilized mats of shallow-water, microbial communities (mainly cyanobacteria)
tacky gel secretions blocked out UV rays but trapped sdediments; new mats had to form over old ones |
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cycad
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insects and air currents transfer pollen from "male" plants to "female" plants by way of pollen and seed-bearing cones
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ginkgo
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deciduous
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gnetophyte
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woody gymnosperm; unusual in having vessels in xylem, vine, or shrub
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lignin
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an organic compound synthesized and deposited in cell walls, important in stem development
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lycophyte
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seedless vascular plant with tree-sized ancestors of ancient swamp forests, require free water to complete life cycle; most have leaves, branching rhizome, vascularized roots and stems
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progymnosperms
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one of the earliest plants to produce seeds
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rhizome
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branching, short, mostly horizontal absorptive stems in whisk ferns
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strobillus
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spore-producing structure in lycophytes
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bryophytes
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nonvascular, independent gametophytes, and dependent sporophyte
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dense, irregular connective tissue
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in skin capsules around some organs, functions in support
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loose connective tissue
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under skin and most epithelia, functions in elasticity and diffusion
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dense, regular connective tissue:
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tendons, ligaments, functions in support, flexibility, and is a low-friction surfacefor joint movement
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ecdysone
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a steroid hormone thatt controls molting
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second messenger
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molecule within a cell that mediates a hormone signal by initiating the cellular response to it
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macrophage
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phagocyte; acts in nonspecific and specific responses; presents antigen to T cells and cleans up and helps repair tissue damage
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neutrophil
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fast-acting phagocyte; takes part in inflammation, not in sustained responses, most effective against bacteria
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eosinophil
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secretes enzymes that attack certain parasitic worms
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basophil and mast cell
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secrete histamine nd other substances that act on small blood vessels to produce inflammation; also contribute to allergies
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IgM
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first to be secreted during immune response
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IgD
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associated with IgM on virgin B cells
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IgG
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activate complement proteins and neutralize toxins
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IgA
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enter mucous-coated surfaces
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IgE
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triggers inflammation after attacks by parasitic worms and other pathogens
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ruminant
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a type of hoofed mammal having multiple stomach chambers in which cellulos is slowly broken down
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