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110 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Are protists unicellular and multicellular?
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Yes
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How are protists classified?
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First, by group they are most like
Second, by the way they move |
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Animallike protists are called
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protozoans
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Swim with flagella
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Zooflagellates
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absorb food through cell membrane
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zooflagellates
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reproduce by binary fission
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zooflagellates
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live in lakes and ponds (freshwater only)
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zooflagellates
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Name an example of a zooflagellate
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Trichonympha, which lives in the stomach of termites
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What is in the phylum Sarcodina?
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Sarcodines
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use pseudopods for movement
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Sarcodines
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feed using a food vacuole
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Sarcodines
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Name an example of a sarcodine
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Amoeba and foraminiferans (cliffs of dover)
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Ciliates are in the phylum
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Ciliophora
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use cilia for movement
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Ciliates
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Do ciliates live in only fresh water?
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NO, they can live in both fresh and salt water
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Free living (non parasitic
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ciliates
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Example of a ciliate is
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paramecium
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What are trichocysts on and what are they used for?
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They are on ciliates and they are used for defense
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Controls day to day activities
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macronucleus
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controls conjugation
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micronucleus
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What is conjugation?
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Paramecium sex
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What does food enter?
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oral groove
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Traps food
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gullet
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Opening for waste
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anal pore
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Phylum Sporozoa: name how it moves and a characteristic of it
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Non motile (cannot move on its own, must rely on carriers like animals and wind) and it is parasitic
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Name an example of a sporozoa
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Plasmodium, which cause malaria
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What causes malaria?
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plasmodium
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what causes african sleeping sickness?
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trypanosoma
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what spreads african sleeping sickness?
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tsetse fly
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What causes amebic dysentary?
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Sarcodine Entamoeba
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how is amebic dysentary spread? what does it cause?
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contaminated drinking water, and causes severe diarrhea
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What causes giardia?
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a zooflagellate
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where is ghiardia found?
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the intestines of mammals
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how can you kill zooflagellates?
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by boiling water or adding iodine
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Name 3 important functions of protists
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1. food chain
2. they are decomposers 3. symbiotic relationship with other organisms (ex. trichonympha in termite stomach) |
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Are plantlike protists unicellular or multicellular?
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Unicellular
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how do plantlike protists obtain food?
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they contain chlorophyll to make energy from light (autotrophic)
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Can plantlike protists be autotrophic and heterotrophic?
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Yes
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Euglenophytes have 2 flagella but no
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cell wall
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Euglenophytes have
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chloroplasts
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Euglenophytes are found in what type of environment?
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water
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Name an example of a euglenophyte
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Euglena
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Dinoflagellates are also known as ___________ which are known as "________ ____________"
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pyrrophytes, which are known as "fire protists"
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Reproduce by binary fission
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Dinoflagellates
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Luminescent
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Dinoflagellates, "fire protists"
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What color are Chrysophytes?
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yellow green
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What color are chrysophyte's chloroplasts?
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gold colored
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Name Chrysophyte's movement
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flagella or no movement at all
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Store food as oil
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Diatoms
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Most abundant organism on earth
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diatoms
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cell walls are made of silicon
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diatoms
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Make up phytoplanton
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unicellular algae
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small photosynthetic organisms that float on the ocean's surface
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phytoplankton
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What happens when algal blooms?
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they deplete the oxygen from the water, therefore killing animals, called "red tide"
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live deep in the sea
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red algae
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largest algae
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brown algae
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What is a example of brown algae?
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giant kelp
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foundin cool, shallow coastal waters
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brown algae
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similar to plants
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green algae
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this algae lives in fresh and saltwater
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green algae
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Name three example of green algae
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volvox, ulva, spirogyra
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major food source for ocean life
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algae
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Can funguslike protists be cellular and acellular?
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yes
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cellular slime molds have
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cell membranes
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have large fused cells with many nuclei
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acellular
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have cell membranes
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cellular
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white fuzz on dead fish
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water mold
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thrive on dead or decaying organic matter inwater
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water molds
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Name three things that funguslike protists do in the world
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1. decompose
2. cause mildews and blights on tomatoes and grapes 3. caused the great potato faminein ireland |
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absorb nutrients from dead and decaying matter
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saprobic
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True or false: half of food in tropical areas is spoiled before it can be eaten
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true
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Fungi is
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heterotrophic
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cell walls are made of
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chitin, a complex carbohydrate found in insect exoskeletons
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how does fungi digest food?
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outside the body and absorbs it
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fungi is unicellular or nulitcellulaer?
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multi except for yeast
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Fungi is made of
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hyphae
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what is hyphae?
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tiny filaments one cell thick
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hyphae together form a
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mycelium
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Name reproduction of fungi
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asexual and sexual
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Spores are produced in
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sporangia
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where are sporangia located?
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on the tips of specialized hyphae
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name the three steps of asexual reproductoin
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1. cells or hyphaw break off and begin to grow
2. spores are released and scattered 3. Spores are produced in sporangia |
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is sexual fungi male and female?
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no, positive and negative
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structure that forms gametes
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gametangium
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name a way fungi can spread
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through animals
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true or false: spores are difficult to spread
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false, they spread very easily
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recycle nutrients by breaking down dead organisms
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fungi
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lichen is made of
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an algae and a fungus
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What does the algae do and what does the fungus do in a lichen?
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the algae proves food through photosynthesis and the fungus provides water and minerals
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what does parasitic fungi target?
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animals and plants
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name a disease parasitic fungi brings on plants and animals
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plant: corn smut, mildew, wheat rust
animal: athlete's foot, ringworm, yeast infection |
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what makes up the symbiotic relationship of mycorrhiazae?
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plant roots and fungi
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what does the partners in mycorhizae do?
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the fungi increases surface area for water and mineral uptake
plant gives food from photosynthesis |
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howmany species of fungi are there?
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100,000
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what phylum are common molds in?
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Zygomycota
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what is a ex. of zygomycota?
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bread mold
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rootlike hyphae
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rhizoids
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What do rhizoids do?
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attach to bread and use enzymes to digest food
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stemlike hyphae
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stolons
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run along the surface
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stolons
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Sac fungi
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ascomycota
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name an example of a sac fungi
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yeast, cup fungi
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ascus contains
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spores
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yeasts are m or u?
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unicellular
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what give off carbon dioxide?
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yeast
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Basidiomycota
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club fungi
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typical cap mushroom belongs in this one
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club fungi
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Deuteromycota
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imperfect fungi
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What are some products of the imperfect fungi (deuteromycota)
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penicillin
athlete's foot ringworm |
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this does not have sexual reproduction
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imperfect fungi ( deuteromycota)
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