Biology Plant Vocab

Front 1

angiosperm

Back 1

a flowering plant; the seeds are borne within a fruit

Front 2

conifer

Back 2

one of four groups of gymnosperm plants; cone-bearing trees that include pine, cedar, and spruce

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dicotyledon

Back 3

a flowering plant group' members show twoembryonic leaves, net-veined leaves, cylindrical arrangement of cascular bundles, and other characteristics

Front 4

fruit

Back 4

a flowering plant structure consisting of one of more ripened ovaries that usually contain seeds

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gymnosperm

Back 5

a vascular plant producing naked seeds as in conifers

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herbaceous plants

Back 6

a plant that lacks persistant woody tissue

Front 7

monocotyledon

Back 7

a flowering plant group; members show one embryonic leaf, parallel-veined leaves, scattered cascular bundles, and other characteristics

Front 8

phloem

Back 8

the vascular tissue that conducts organic solutes in plants; it contains sieve-tube cells and companion cells

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pollen grain

Back 9

a microgametophyte inseed plants

Front 10

pollination

Back 10

in seed plants, the trasfer of pollen from microsprangium to the ovule, which my this time contains a megagametophyte

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woddy plant

Back 11

a plant that contains wood; usually trees such as evergreen trees (gymnosperms) and flowering trees (angiosperms). Alternative is a herbaceous plant

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xylem

Back 12

the vascular tissue that transports water and mineral solutes upward through the plant body; it contains vessel elements and tracheids

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Casparian Strip

Back 13

a layer of impermeable lignin and suberin bordering four sides of root endodermal cells; prevents water and solute transport between adjacent cells

Front 14

cork cambium

Back 14

a lateral meristem that produces cork

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cotyledon

Back 15

seed leaf for embryonic plant, providing nutrient molecules for the developing plant before its mature leaves begin to photosynthesisize

Front 16

cuticle

Back 16

a waxy layer covering the epidermis of plants that protects the plant against water loss and disease causeing organisms

Front 17

endodermis

Back 17

internal plant root tissue forming a boundary between the cortex and the vascular cylender

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epidermis

Back 18

covering tissue of plant roots and leavesand also stems of nonwoddy organisms

Front 19

mesophyll

Back 19

inner, thickes later of a leaf consisting of palisade and spongy mesophyll; the site of most photosynthesis

Front 20

rhizome

Back 20

a rootlike, underground system

Front 21

root hair

Back 21

an extrension of a root epidermal cell that collectively increases the surface area for the absorptionof water and minerals

Front 22

stolon

Back 22

a stem that grows horizontally along the ground and establishes planlets periodically when it contacts the soil

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guard cell

Back 23

a type of plant cell that is found in pairs, with one on each side of a leaf stmate; changes in the turgor pressure of these cells regulate the size an passage of gases through the stomate

Front 24

mycorrhiza

Back 24

a symbiotic relationship in which a fungus grows around and into a plant root; it assists in the uptake of minerals by the plant and recieves organic nutrients from the plant

Front 25

nodule

Back 25

a structure on plant roots that contains nitrogen fixing bacteria

Front 26

transpiration

Back 26

a plant's loss of water to the atmosphere, mainly through evaporationat leaf stomates

Front 27

circadian rythm

Back 27

a biological rythm with a 24-hour cycle

Front 28

gravitropism

Back 28

diretional growth of plants in response to earth's gravity; roots demonstrate positive gravitropism, and stems demonstrate negative gravitropism

Front 29

phototropism

Back 29

the relative lengths of daylight and darkness that affect the physiology and behavior of an organism

Front 30

hybridization

Back 30

the crossing of different varieties of species

Front 31

seed

Back 31

a mature ovule that ocnatins an embryo, with stored food enclosed in a protective coat