Biology Part 1 Mid-Term

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Science

Back 1

study of physical world: the study of the physical and natural world and phenomena, especially by using systematic observation and experiment

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Observation

Back 2

the careful watching and recording of something, e.g. a natural phenomenon, as it happens
.

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Data

Back 3

information, often in the form of facts or figures obtained from experiments or surveys
.

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Inference

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a conclusion drawn from evidence or reasoning

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Hyothesis

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a statement that is assumed to be true

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Controlled experiment

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an experiment designed to test the effects of independent variables on a dependent variable by changing one independent variable at a time

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Theory

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A generalization based on many observations and experiments; a verified hypothesis

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Cell

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Basic unit of life

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Homeostasis

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The steady-state physiological condition of the body.

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Sexual Reproduction

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A type of reproduction in which two parents give rise to offspring that have unique combinations of genes inherited from the gametes of the two parents.

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Asexual Reroduction

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A type of reproduction involving only one parent that produces genetically identical offspring by budding or by the division of a single cell or the entire organism into two or more parts.

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Metabolism

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The totality of an organism's chemical processes, consisting of catabolic and anabolic pathways

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Stimulus

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Any internal or external change or signal that influences the activity of an organism or of part of an organism.

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Atom

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smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element.

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Nucleus

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1) An atom's central core, containing protons and neutrons. (2) The chromosome-containing organelle of a eukaryotic cell. (3) A cluster of neurons.

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Electron

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A particle with a single negative charge; one or more electrons orbit the nucleus of the atom.

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Element

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Any substance that cannot be broken down to any other substance

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Isotope

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One of several atomic forms of an element, each containing a different number of neutrons and thus differing in atomic mass.

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Compound

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A chemical combination, in a fixed ratio, of two or more elements.

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Ionic bond

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A chemical bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions

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Covalent bond

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A chemical bond formed as a result of the sharing of one or more pairs of electrons.

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Molecule

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Two or more atoms held together by covalent bonds

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Cohesion

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The binding together of like molecules, often by hydrogen bonds

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Adhesion

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The tendency of different kinds of molecules to stick together

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Solution

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A homogeneous, liquid mixture of two or more substances.solvent The dissolving agent of a solution. Water is the most versatile solvent known.

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Solute

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A substance that is dissolved in a solution