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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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(Somatosensory/viscerosensory) system responds to the external environment
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Somatosensory
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(Somatosensory/viscerosensory) system responds to the internal environment
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Viscerosensory
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Axons bringing information from the somatic receptors are referred to as (primary afferents/motor efferents)
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Primary afferents
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Axons taking information from the CNS to peripheral structures are referred to as (primary afferents/motor efferents)
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Motor efferents
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Afferents feed into the spinal cord via.... (2)
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Spinal nerve
Dorsal root |
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Efferents leave the spinal cord via.... (2)
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Spinal nerve
Ventral root |
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What are the receptors in the skin that responds to pain?
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Nociceptors
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What are the receptors in the skin that senses temperature
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Thermoreceptors
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(tactile/thermal/nociceptive) sensation is mediated by low threshold mechanoreceptors subdivided into slowly adapting and rapidly adapting types
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tactile sensations
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(tactile/thermal/nociceptive) sensation is mediated by thermoreceptors localized to discrete zones that exhibit hot and cold responsiveness
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thermal sensations
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(tactile/thermal/pain) sensation is mediated by mechanical, thermal and polymodal nociceptors
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pain
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(Meissner's Corpuscles/Merkel's disks/Pacinian corpuscles) is comprised of looping axonal terminals and intertwined supporting cells RA type 40%
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Meissner's Corpuscles
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(Meissner's Corpuscles/Merkel's disks/Pacinian corpuscles) is a dome structure comprised at axon terminals and M cells SA type 20%
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Merkel's disc
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(Meissner's Corpuscles/Merkel's disks/Pacinian corpuscles) is a sensory axon surrounded by fluid filled capsule RA type 20%
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Pacinian Corpuscles
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(Ruffini's Corpuscles/Free nerve endings) is a nerve terminal intertwined with collagen fibrils SA type 20%
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Ruffini's Corpuscles
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(Ruffini's Corpuscles/Free nerve endings) penetrates into epithelial cells, no apparent morphological specialization
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Free nerve endings
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(Rapid/Slow) adapting afferents fire rapidly in response to a stimulus but fall quiescent should the stimulus remain constant
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Rapid
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(Rapid/Slow) adapting afferents continues to fire as long as the stimulus remains and are good at providing high resolution information
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Slow
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Define two point discrimination
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The distance apart that 2 stimuli can be detected
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Which is associated with low threshold mechanoreceptor (large/small) diameter
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large
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(Large/small) diameter is associated with nociceptors and thermoreceptors
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small
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(rapid/slow) conducting afferents are associated with low threshold mechanoreceptors
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rapid
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(rapid/slow) conducting afferents are associated with nociceptors and thermoreceptors
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slow
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Proprioceptors of skeletal muscle is a muscle axon group (1/2/3/4)
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1
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Mechanoreceptors of the skin is a muscle axon group (1/2/3/4)
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2
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Pain, temperature is a muscle axon group (1/2/3/4)
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3
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Itch is a muscle axon group (1/2/3/4)
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4
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Proprioceptors of skeletal muscle is sensed from which type of axons from the skin? (Aa/Ab/Ag/C)
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A(alpha)
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Mechanoreceptors of skin is sensed from which type of axons from the skin? (Aa/Ab/Ag/C)
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A(beta)
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Pain and temperature is sensed from which type of axons from the skin? (Aa/Ab/Ag/C)
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A(gamma)
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Temperature, pain and itch is sensed from which type of axons from the skin? (Aa/Ab/Ag/C)
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C
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Conduction velocity is positively correlated with....
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axon diameter
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The ______ ________ carries information from the face
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trigeminal lemniscus
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The ________ _________ pathway carries signals from the posterior portion of the head and the body
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medial lemniscus
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(Primary/Secondary) somatosensory cortex is localized to postcentral gyrus and flanked by the central sulcus and the postcentral sulcus
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Primary
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(Primary/Secondary) somatosensory cortex corresponds to Brodmann's area 1, 2, 3a,3b
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Primary
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(Primary/Secondary) somatosensory cortex receives strong somatosensory inputs from the thalamus
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Primary
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(Primary/Secondary) somatosensory cortex areas are specialized
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primary
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(Primary/Secondary) somatosensory cortex lies adjacent to SI along the lateral sulcus
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Secondary
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(Primary/Secondary) somatosensory cortex plays a key role in sensory and motor integration
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Secondary
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(Primary/Secondary) somatosensory cortex recieves corpus callosum inputs to form 'joined up' body image
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Secondary
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The _________ areas corresponds to Brodmann's areas 5 and 7 and plays a role in integration of multimodal senses
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Association area
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Pain is detected by _________
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nociceptors
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Nociceptors have their cell bodies in the (ventral/dorsal) root ganglia in the same way as other sensory receptors
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dorsal
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Transduction of painful stimuli occurs in the free nerve endings of ______________ and ___________
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unmyelinated C fibres
thinly myelinated Ad fibres |
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Pain afferents send signals to the CNS but also release signalling molecules such as __________ ___ locally to increase inflammatory response
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Substance P
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Nociceptors are found in the periphery as ___________
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free nerve endings
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What are the 2 types of nociceptor fibres?
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A(gamma)
C fibers |
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Pain afferents release the excitatory neurotransmitter _______
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glutamate
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A(gamma) is (mylinated/non-mylinated)
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mylinated
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C fibers are (mylinated/unmylinated)
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unmylinated
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The overall pathway for conveying pain/temperature is known as...
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The anterolateral system
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