Biology Of Bc Vertebrates 2

Front 1

-first tetrapods
-define amniotes: includes which species, what is it, what does it contain
Amniotes characteristics
-what is the epidermis features
-what kind of lung ventilation
-what kind of hearts do amniotes have?

Back 1

-amphibians
- includes reptiles, birds and mammals; amniotic shelled egg; can survive without water; moisture is enclosed within egg; contains amniotic sac fluid etc

- mostly waterproof with keratinized epidermis(scales, hair, feathers)
- costal ventilation of lungs with reduced water loss
-amphibians have 3 chambered hearts, varies in turtles and the rest have 4 chambered hearts

Front 2

ECTOTHERMY
-defined, who uses this, what environment is this favored in
-how this strategy works
-genomes

Back 2

-external control of body temperature; amphibians and most reptiles; warm/wet
-they use external sources of heat, and behavioral strategies to thermoregulate. metabolism is dependent on temperature, and they are inactive during darkness.
-often have a more complex genome than endotherms

Front 3

ENDOTHERMY
-defined, who uses this, facilitated by
- how this strategy works

-poikilothermy
-homeothermy
-inertial homeothermy

Back 3

-internal control of body temperature; birds, mammals, some dinos; feathers, hair, fat
-internal heat production at all temperatures

-poikilothermy:internal temps vary with the environment
-homeothermy:internal temps remain consistent
-inertial homeothermy: large-bodied poikilotherms that maintain body temp above ambient

Front 4

Metabolic rates in tetrapods- trend

Efficiencies in tetrapods with respect to biomas

Back 4

-increases with body mass
-reptiles at the bottom(low metabolic rate) and mammals at the top(high metabolic rate)

-ectotherms, overall, are in a higher efficiency percentage range than endotherms

Front 5

MAJOR SKULL OPENINGS
-basal tetrapod
-anapsida
-synapsida
-diapsida

Back 5

- no holes
-no opening near temples ex) turtles
- one opening behind each eye, low position ex) mammals
- two holes in each side of skull ex) reptiles/dinos/birds

Front 6

OTHER AMNIOTES CHARATERISTICS

-horizontal to vertical limb position

Back 6

vertical limb position- human, dino, bear
horizontal limp position- salamander