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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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vertebrae
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segments of bone or some other hard substance that are arranged into a backbone.
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notochord
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A rod of tough, flexible material that runs the length of a creature's body, providing the majority of its support.
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endoskeleton
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A skeleton on the inside of a creature's body, typically composed of bone or cartilage
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bone marrow
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a soft tissue inside the bone that produces blood cells.
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axial skeleton
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The portion of the skeleton that supports and protects the head, neck, and trunk. Skull, vertebrae, and ribs.
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appendicular skeleton
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The portion of the skeleton that attaches to the axial skeleton and has the limbs attached to it.
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closed circulatory system
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A circulatory system in which the oxygen-carrying blood cells never leave the blood vessels.
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arteries
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Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.
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veins
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blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart.
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capillaries
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Tiny, thin-walled blood vessels that allow the exchange of gases and nutrients between the blood and the cells of the body.
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olfactory lobe
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The lobes of the brain that receive signals from the receptors in the nose.
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optic lobes
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The lobes of the brain that receive signals from the receptors in the eyes.
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cerebrum
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the lobes of the brain that integrate sensory information and coordinate the creature's response to that information.
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medulla oblongata
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the lobes that coordinate vital functions, such as those of the circulatory and respiratory systems, and transport signals from the brain to the spinal cord.
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cerebellum
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the lobe that controls involuntary actions and refines muscle movement.
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internal fertilization
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The process by which the male places sperm inside the female's body, where the eggs are fertilized.
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external fertilization
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The process by which the female lays eggs and the male fertilizes them once they are outside of the female.
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oviparous development
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development that occurs in an egg that is hatched outside the female's body.
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ovoviviparous development
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development that occurs in an egg that is hatched inside the female's body.
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viviparous development
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Development that occurs inside the female, allowing the offspring to gain nutrition and vital substances from the mother through a placenta.
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anadromous
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A life cycle in which creatures are hatched in fresh water, migrate to salt water as adults, and then go back to fresh water in order to reproduce.
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bile
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A mixture of salts and phospholipids that aids in the breakdown of fat.
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atrium
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A heart chamber that receives blood.
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Ventricle
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A heart chamber from which blood is pumped out.
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ectothermic
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Lacking an internal mechanism for regulating body heat.
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hibernation
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A state of extremely low metabolism and respiration, accompanied by a lower-than-normal body temperature.
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