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14 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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mitosis
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NUCLEAR division
made up of 4 parts: -Prophase -Metaphase -Anaphase -Telophase |
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cell cycle
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made up of 2 parts:
-cell division (M Phase) -Interphase |
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cell division/M Phase
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made up of 2 parts:
-mitosis -cytokinesis |
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Interphase
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made up of 3 parts:
-G1 (gap 1) -S Phase (synthesis) -G2 (gap 2) |
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genetic material progression (from least to most complex)
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DNA double helix~nucleosomes~condensed chromatin~metaphase chromosomes
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G1 Phase (Gap 1)
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-cell does most growing
-cell increases in size -synthesizes new proteins and organelles |
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S Phase (synthesis)
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-chromosomes replicated
-synthesis of DNA molecules and key proteins -duplicates DNA |
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G2 Phase (Gap 2)
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-organelles and molecules that are needed for cell division are produced
-prep. for mitosis |
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prophase
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-PAIR UP
-chromosomes become visible -centrioles separate -spindle organized -nucleolous disappears -nuclear envelope breaks down |
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metaphase
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-MEET AT THE MIDDLE
-chromosomes line up in the center -microtubules connect centromere to the spindle |
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anaphase
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-APART
-centromeres split -chromatids migrate to the poles of the spindle |
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telophase
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-TWO NUCLEI
-nuclear envelope returns -spindle breaks -nucleolous becomes visible |
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cytokinesis
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two nuclei are formed in the cytoplasm of the cell
animal cells: cytoplasm pinches inward then breaks apart plant cells: cell plate forms between divided nuclei. cell plate develops, separating the membrane and the organelles 2 NEW CELLS both cytokinesis and mitosis are part of cell division |
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Cells divide rather than continue to grow if:
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1) the cell doesn't have enough DNA to support its functions
2) the cell has trouble moving nutrients and wastes across the membrane |
