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8 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What did Frederick Griffith do?
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He attempted to develop a vaccine against pneumonia, using two strains of bacterium: one pathogenic and one non-pathogenic.
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What did Frederick Griffith do in his experiment with bacterium? What was the conclusion?
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He killed the pathogenic bacteria with heat and then mixed the cell remains with living bacteria of the non-pathogenic strain. This resulted in some of the living cells becoming pathogenic.
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What were the three candidates Oswald Avery focused on for the identity of the transforming substance?
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DNA, RNA, and protein
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What did Oswald Avery do?
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He broke open the heat-killed pathogenic bacteria and extracted the cellular contents. In separate samples, he used specific treatments that inactivated each of the three types of molecules. He then tested each treated sample for its ability to transform live non-pathogenic bacteria.
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What was the conclusion of Oswald Avery's experiment?
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Only when DNA was allowed to remain active did transformation occur.
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What are viruses that infect bacteria called?
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Bacteriophages (meaning "bacteria-eaters")
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What is a virus? (components)
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A virus is little more than DNA (or sometimes RNA) enclosed by a protective coat, which is often simply protein.
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How does a virus reproduce?
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A virus reproduces by infecting a cell and taking over the cell's metabolic machinery.
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