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85 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Metric system |
Consistent, quantifiable, universal |
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Metric units |
Power of 10 |
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Pico |
10-12 |
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Nano |
10-9 |
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Micro |
10-6 |
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Milli |
10-3 |
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Centi |
10-2 |
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Deci |
10-1 |
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No prefix |
10 0 |
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Deka |
10 1 |
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Hecto |
10 2 |
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Kilo |
10 3 |
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Mega |
10 6 |
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Giga |
10 9 |
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Base unit length |
Meter (m) |
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BU weight |
Gram (gr) |
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BU volume |
Liter (l) |
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No prefix 10 0 |
Meter (m) Gram (g) Liter (l) |
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Centi 10 0 |
Centimeter cm Centigram cg Centiliter cL
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Milli 10 -3 |
Millimeter mm Milligram mg Milliliter mL |
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Micro 10 -6 |
Micrometer um Microgram ug Microliter uL |
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Kilo 10 3 |
Kilometer km Kilogram kg Kiloliter kL |
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Measurement tools length |
Micrometer millimeters, micro Caliper centimeters, mm Ruler centimeters, inches |
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Graduated cylinder |
10 25 50 Approximate |
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Graduated pipet |
5 10 Precise |
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Volumetric pipets |
2 10 20 Very precise |
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Volumetric flask |
25 50 250 500 Very precise |
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Burets |
50 Analytic titrations |
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Surface tension |
Meniscus formation |
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Double beam/ pan balance |
Measuring mass- grams 1/10ths Make sure it's zero-ed |
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Temperature (scientific thermometers) |
Base 100 scale; boils at 100•C, freezes at 0 •C |
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Fahrenheit to Celsius |
•C= (F-32)/1.8 |
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Celsius - Fahrenheit |
F=(Cx1.8)+32 |
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Name the parts of the microscope 13 |
Anton van Leeuwenhoek |
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Illuminator |
Light high intensity bulb |
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Field diaphragm |
Size of illuminated field regulator |
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Condenser |
Light focuser for spicemen |
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Condenser/ iris diaphragm |
Controls diameter of the light beam entering condenser |
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Objective lens |
Produces an enlarged & inverted projection of the object |
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Ocular lens/ eye piece |
10x magnification -> final image |
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Magnification |
Ratio of an object's image to its real size |
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Resolving power |
Measure of image's clarity |
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Total magnification |
Objective x ocular lens |
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Low power objective |
10 x 10 = 100 |
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High dry objective |
40 x 10 = 400 |
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Oil-immersion objective |
100 x 10 = 1000 |
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Average size crll |
Total diameter of the field of view (um) / total number of cells |
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Stage micrometer |
Measure specimens using different objectives. No unit attached |
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Organic compound/ macromolecules |
Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acid |
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Indicators |
Special chemicals that change color in the presence of specific organic substances |
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Positive |
Change in color |
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Negative result |
No change |
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Negative control |
Distilled water dH2O, does not contain any macromolecules |
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Positive control |
Substance that is known to contain the molecule in question |
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Functions carbohydrate |
Energy source Structural role |
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Carbonate monomer |
Monosaccharides/ single sugar |
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2 monomers carbohydrate |
Disaccharides/ 2 sugars |
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Chain monomers |
Polysaccharides/ many sugars |
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Polysaccharides |
Starch Cellulose Glycogen |
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Reducing sugars |
Mono- or disaccharides Atom donates electron to another molecule, becomes reduced Redox reactions |
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Test reducing sugars (glucose) |
Benedict's test |
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Benedict's test |
Blue to orange/ red precipitate. Green: low concentration. With heat. |
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Starch test (polymers of glucose) |
iodine test I2KI |
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Iodine test |
Maroon color to very dark blue-black |
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Lipids |
Hydrocarbon (hydrogen & carbon) Non-polar Insoluble in water |
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3 categories lipids |
Fats Phospholipids Steroids |
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Fats |
Source of stored energy |
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Phospholipids |
Structural roles in cells primary component cell/ organelles membranes |
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Steroids |
Base of many hormones, carry signals throughout organisms |
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Test lipids |
Dye Sudan 3/4 |
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Sudan 3 / 4 |
Orange colored spot on paper Hydrophobic Lipids take up the dye |
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Negative lipids test |
Colorless spot |
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Protein monomer |
Amino acid |
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2 monomers |
Dipeptides |
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Chain amino acids |
Polypeptides |
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Describe protein arrangement |
Central carbon Right carboxyl group Bottom R-group Left amino group |
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R-group |
20 different |
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Protein test |
Biuret test |
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Biuret test |
Blue- violet color Blue - negative Strong sodium hydroxide solution Small amount dilute copper sulfate |
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Selectively permeable |
Decides which molecules move in and out of the cell |
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Access selective membrane |
Some substances: -move freely across membrane -require assistance -not able to cross at all |
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Deciding factor crossing membrane |
-size -polarity -change -protein transporters are present |
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Homeostasis |
Tendency towards relative stable equilibrium between independent elements. (Consistent conditions) |
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Brownian motion |
The random movement of particles due to the random movement of other particles |
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Diffusion |
Solute moves from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration |
