Biology Key Terms Chap 4

Front 1

Cell Wall

Back 1

A Protective layer external to the plasma membrane, protects and maintains shape

Front 2

Central Vacuole

Back 2

Membrane enclosed sac in plant cells with roles in reproduction, growth and developement

Front 3

Chloroplast

Back 3

Organelle in plant cells & photosynthesis protists that asorb sinlight & is used to synthesize sugars into CO2 and H2O

Front 4

Chromosome

Back 4

Gene carrying structure in nucleun of eukaryotic cell

Front 5

Cillia

Back 5

Cellular appendages for locomotion from a core of 9 outer dobulet microtubles & 2 single MT & covered by membrane

Front 6

Cytoplasm

Back 6

everything in a cell between the membrane and nucleus, cell jelly and organelles

Front 7

Cytoskeleton

Back 7

Network of protein fibers in the cytoplasm - microfilaments, intermediant filaments, microtubles

Front 8

Endomenbrane system

Back 8

Network inside and around eukaryotic cell, related by contact or transfer of vesicles

Front 9

Endoplasmic Reticlum (ER)

Back 9

Rough and Smooth network outside nucleus for processing of nutrients

Front 10

Endosymbiosis

Back 10

Process od Evolutionw mitochrondia and chloroplasts in E cells from symbiotic association between small prokaryotics living inside large cells

Front 11

Eukaryotic Cell

Back 11

All cwlls but bacteria and archea; Has nucleus and organelles that are membrane held

Front 12

Extracelluar Matrix

Back 12

Substance which cells of animal tissue are held, has proteins and polysaccarides

Front 13

Flagellem or flagella

Back 13

Like Cillia but different in strucrure

Front 14

Golgi Apparatus

Back 14

An organelle in EUK cells made of layers that pack, ship, & store products of the ER

Front 15

Intermediate Fillament

Back 15

Part of the cytoskeleton, A mid-size protien fiber that is ropelike in structure

Front 16

Lysosome

Back 16

A digestive organelle; Contains hydrolytic enzymes

Front 17

Microfilament

Back 17

Thinnest of 3 protein fibers that make up the cytoskeleton; A solid helical rod; Refered to as the highway

Front 18

Mitochrondis or mitochrondian

Back 18

A respitory organelle; Enclosed by 2 membranes where most of the ATP is produced; Converts energy to food(energy)

Front 19

Nuclear Envelope

Back 19

A double membrane having pores that surrounds the nucleus

Front 20

Organelle

Back 20

A membrane enclosed sructure with a specialized function within a cell.

Front 21

Plasma Membrane

Back 21

Phospholipid bilayer which holds molecules of protein and chloroesterol

Front 22

Plasmodesma; -desmata

Back 22

Channel in plant cell wall that strands of cytoplasm connect to other cells

Front 23

Prokaryotic Cell

Back 23

Found only in bacteria and archea; has no nucleus

Front 24

Ribosome

Back 24

RNA and protein structure; Site of protein synthesis in cytoplasm

Front 25

Rough ER

Back 25

Has attached ribosomes that make proteins, secretory and membrane

Front 26

Smooth ER

Back 26

A network of interconnected membranous tubles in an eukaryotic cell's cytoplasm; lacks ribosomes

Front 27

Vesicle

Back 27

Membrane sac used for transport and distribution of proteins and nutrients