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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
group of individuals that belong to the same species, live in the same area, and breed with others in the group
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population
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total number of individuals in a population
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population size
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in a population, the number of individuals in a given area
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population density
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the pattern of distribution of organisms in a population
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dispersion
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hypothetical population that attempts to exhibit the key characteristics of a real population
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population model
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J-shaped curve showing the rapid increase in an exponentially growing population
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exponential growth curve
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population size that an environment can sustain
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carrying capacity
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limited resources whose rates of depletion depend on the density of the population using them
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density-dependent factors
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model of population growth that assumes finite resource levels limit population growth
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logistic model
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factors, such as climate, that affect the growth of populations. These factors are unaffected by the density of populations
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density-independent factor
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species characterized by rapid growth, high fertility, short lifespan, and exponential population growth
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r-strategist
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species characterized by slow maturation, few young, slow population growth and reproduction late in life
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k-strategist
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principle stating that the frequency of alleles in a population does not change unless evolutionary forces act on the population
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Hardy-Weinberg principle
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movement of alleles into or out of a population due to the migration of individuals to or from the population
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Gene flow
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mating between individuals of the same phenotype or by those who live nearby
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Nonrandom mating
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random change in allele frequency in a population
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genetic drift
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characteristic of an organism that is influenced by several genes
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polygenic trait
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bell-shped curve that results when the values of a trait in a population are plotted against their frequency
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normal distribution
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natural selection that causes the frequency of a particular allele to move in one direction
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directional selection
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type of natural selection in which the average form of the trait is favored and becomes more common
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stabilizing selection
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