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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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cell membrane |
boundary between the inside of a cell and the outside enviroment |
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stimuli |
things that cause a reaction |
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homeostatis |
maintaining a stable internal condition |
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metabolism |
bulid up and break down of an organism |
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heredity |
passing traits from parent to offspring |
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nucleus |
contains DNA which controls cell's activities by directing which proteins to assemble |
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mitochondria |
using O₂ converts food energy (carbohydrates and lipids) into ATP |
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golgi apparatus |
sorts and packages proteins and lipids from endoplasmic reticulum into vesicles for transports to other parts of the cell |
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nucleolus |
-found in nucleus -begins assembly of ribosomes |
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ribosomes |
-protein synthesis -not membrane-bond just a complex of RNA and protein -attached to endoplasmic reticulum or free floating in cytosol |
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lysosome |
-filled with enzymes -break down lipids, carbohydrates, and protein into component parts by cell -protects cell from invaders, gets rid of waste and damaged organelles |
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cholroplasts (plant cells) |
site of photosynthesis |
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smooth endoplasmic reticulum |
-transports proteins and lipids -toxin breakdown -synthesizes lipids -ribosome absent |
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vesicule |
-bubble that forms from Golgi apparatus or cell membrane -transports materials out of cell, into cell, and around cell |
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species |
group of organisms that are able to reproduce together and create healthy, fertile offspring |
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plant-like plants |
-a.k.a algae/kelp/seaweed -producers with chloroplasts where photosynthesis takes place -uses suns energy and glucose |
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phytoplankton |
unicellular algae that photosynthesize |
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protozoa |
animal-like protists that move |
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pseudopodia |
extension and contraction of cytoplasm, used to capture food and to move |
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flagella |
whip-like strands used for movement |
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cilia |
tiny hairlike structures, used to sweep in food and to move |
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fungus-like protists |
-most are decomposers that get energy from breaking down dead organic matter -some are parasites |
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chitin |
-similar to a cell wall (except for a fungus) -similar to exoskeleton of arthropods |
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spore |
released by fungi |
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hyphae |
multicellular organisms made of threadlike strings of cells |
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mycelium |
-tangled mass of hyphae -found underground |
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lichen |
-fungus growing with algae or cyanobacteria (they can be used as air quality indicators) |
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chloroplasts |
an organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs |
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chlorophyll |
a green pigment in chloroplast that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis |
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cell wall |
a structure that surrounds the cell membrane of some cells and provides strength and support to the cell membrane |
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alteration of generations |
sporophyte and gametophyte stage alternate in generations |
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sporophyte |
a stage in a plant life cycle during which spores are produced |
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gametophyte |
a stage in a plant life cycle during which spores are produced |
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gamete |
the sex cell in the gametophyte stage |
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cuticle |
a waxy layer that coats the surface of stems, leaves, and other plant parts exposed to air |
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non vascular |
have no pipes to transport water and nutrients |
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gymnosperm |
a plant that produces seeds but not flowers |
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angiosperm |
a plant that produces seeds in flowers |
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seed |
embryo of a living plant that is encased in a protective covering and surrounded by food supply |
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cotyledon |
a seed seed leaf found inside a seed |
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monocot |
seeds that have one cotyledon |
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dicot |
seeds that have two cotyledon |
