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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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sugar
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sweet substance
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ribose
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the five-carbon sugar in RNA
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deoxyribose
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the five-carbon sugar in DNA
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monosaccharide
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simple sugar
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disaaharide
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a double sugar consisting id two monosaccharides joined together by a glycosidic linkage
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polysaccharide
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a carbohydrate composed of three or more monoaccharides
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glycogen
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sugar starch cellulose
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lipopolysaccharide
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any of a class of polysaccharides to which lipids are attached.
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lipid
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hydrophobic molecule, including fats, phospholipids, and steroids
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saturated fatty acid
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type of lipid rich in single bonds. found in butter and other fats that are solids at room temperature. This type if fat is associated with higher blood cholesterol levels.
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unsaturated fatty acid
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type of lipid containing many carbon-to-carbon double bonds; liquid at room temp
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phospholipid
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one of three type of lipids, phospholipids are components of cell membranes
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cholesterol
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a steroid found in animal cell membranes that affects membrane fluidity. Serves as the precursor to estrogen and testosterone
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membrane
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the thin, limiting covering of a cell or cell part.
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amino acids
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the building blocks of proteins
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dipeptide
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a peptide that yields two amino acids on hydrolysis.
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covalent bond
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when an atom shares electrons with another atom
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peptide bond
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covalent bond that joins the amino group and carboxyl group of adjacent amino acids
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protein
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are found in every location in a human cell from the outer boundary, the membrane, to inside the nucleus.
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enyzme
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protein that catalyzes and regulates the rate of metabolic reactions
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protein hormone(
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insulin, glucogon, etc
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receptor
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protein on the surface of a cell that recognizes and binds to a specific chemical signal.
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transport protein
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moving a protein from one place to another
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hemoglobin
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an iron-containing protein that carries oxygen in red blood cells and gives red blood cells its color
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alpha globin chain
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beta globin chain(sickle cell Anemia genetic disease)
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nknnnbklnmn
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peptidolgylcan(bacterial cell wall material)
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kjnknnknkn
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nucleic acids
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found in our genetic material (DNA and RNA) and serve as energy currency of living cells, ATP.
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deoxryribonucleic acid (DNA)
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molecule of heredity that stores the info required for making all of proteins required by cell
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ribonucleic acid (RNA)
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information-carrying molecule composed of nucleotides
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adenime (A) thymine (T) guanine (G) cytosine (C)
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DNA bases
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glucose
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sugar
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